Qingzhou Prefecture
| Qingzhou Prefecture 青州府 | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prefecture of Imperial China | |||||||||
| 1367–1913 | |||||||||
North Gate of Qingzhou in the early 20th century | |||||||||
Map of Qingzhou Fu with in Shandong Province in 1820 | |||||||||
| History | |||||||||
• Established | 1367 | ||||||||
• Disestablished | 1913 | ||||||||
| |||||||||
| Today part of | Weifang, Zibo, Qingdao, Dongying, and Linyi | ||||||||
Qingzhou Prefecture (青州府) was a fu (prefecture) that existed in central Shandong from 1367 to 1913, its administrative center was in today's Qingzhou City.
History
During the Yuan dynasty, the region was administered as Yidu Circuit (益都路), under the authority of the Shandong East–West Circuit Pacification Commission (山东东西道宣慰司). In 1367, during the regime of Zhu Yuanzhang, Yidu Circuit was renamed as Qingzhou Prefecture. It governed one subprefecture and thirteen counties: Yidu (益都), Linzi (臨淄), Boxing (博興), Gaoyuan (高苑), Le'an (樂安), Shouguang (壽光), Changle (昌樂), Linqu (臨朐), Anqiu (安丘), Zhucheng (諸城), Mengyin (蒙陰), and Juzhou (莒州), which administered Yishui (沂水) and Rizhao (日照).[1]
In the early Qing dynasty, the prefecture governed Antong Guard (安東衛), one subprefecture, and thirteen counties. During the Yongzheng reign, Juzhou (莒州) became directly subordinate, and the counties of Mengyin (蒙陰), Yishui (沂水), and Rizhao (日照) were reassigned and later incorporated under Yi (沂). Boshan (博山) was newly established. In the 7th year of Qianlong, the Guard was abolished.
The prefecture then governed eleven counties: Yidu (益都), Boshan (博山), Linzi (臨淄), Boxing (博興), Gaoyuan (高苑), Le'an (樂安), Shouguang (壽光), Linqu (臨朐), Anqiu (安丘), Changle (昌樂), and Zhucheng (諸城).
The prefecture was officially classified as “important, populous, and difficult” (衝, 繁, 難). It served as the seat of the Denglai–Qing–Jiao Circuit (登萊青膠道), with a deputy commander stationed there.[2] From Yongzheng Era to the collapse of Qing dynasty, Qingzhou was one of eleventh Manchu garrison cities in China, serving as the stronghold for Manchu-rule in this region.[3] Many of those soldiers from Qingzhou garrison died in the First Opium War[4]
After the Xinhai Revolution, the nationwide reform to abolish prefectures and convert them into counties was implemented, and the prefecture system was abolished.
See also
References
- ^ 《明史·卷四十一·志第十七》◎地理二......青州府，元益都路，屬山東東西道宣慰司。太祖吳元年為青州府。領州一，縣十三。西距布政司三百二十里。益都......日照，州東北。東濱海，有鹽場。東南有夾倉鎮巡檢司...... (History of the Ming, vol. 41, Treatise 17: Geography II. "Qingzhou Prefecture, formerly Yidu Circuit of the Yuan, subordinate to the Shandong East–West Pacification Commission. In the first year of Taizu’s Wu era, it became Qingzhou Prefecture. It governed one subprefecture and thirteen counties. It lay 320 \li west of the provincial administration… Rizhao, northeast of the subprefecture. It bordered the sea to the east and had salt fields. To the southeast was the Jiachang Patrol Office…")
- ^ 《清史稿·卷六十一·志三十六》地理八／山東／青州府 (Draft History of the Qing, vol. 61, Treatise 36: Geography VIII / Shandong / Qingzhou Prefecture.)
- ^ "青州历史上浩大纷繁的工程——青州满族旗城兴建纪实 - 青州人文 - 今日青州网". www.jrqzw.net. Retrieved 2025-11-15.
- ^ Lu, Chuan; Li, Baihao (2019-09-01). "Segregation and Integration: A History of Manchu City Planning in the Qing Dynasty". International Journal of Social Science and Education Research. 2 (6): 74–90. doi:10.6918/IJOSSER.201909_2(6).0013.