Psalidodon

Psalidodon
Psalidodon paranae
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Characiformes
Family: Acestrorhamphidae
Subfamily: Acestrorhamphinae
Genus: Psalidodon
C. H. Eigenmann, 1911[1]
Type species
Psalidodon gymnodontus
C. H. Eigenmann, 1911[1]

Psalidodon is a genus of freshwater ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Ancestrorhamphidae, the American characins. Some of these fish, like many of their relatives, are kept as aquarium pets and known collectively as tetras.

They are all endemic to freshwater habitats in South America, where they are locally called Mojarra or Lambari.

Taxonomy and systematics

This genus was resurrected from synonymy with Astyanax in 2020.[2]

Species

These are the recognized species in this genus:[3][4]

  • Psalidodon alleni (C. H. Eigenmann & McAtee, 1907)
  • Psalidodon anisitsi (C. H. Eigenmann, 1907)
  • Psalidodon argentum (Salgado, 2021)
  • Psalidodon balbus (Myers, 1927)
  • Psalidodon bifasciatus (Garavello & Sampaio, 2010)
  • Psalidodon biotae (Castro & Vari, 2004)
  • Psalidodon bockmanni (Vari & Castro, 2007)
  • Psalidodon brachypterygium (Bertaco & Malabarba, 2001)
  • Psalidodon chico (Casciotta & Almirón, 2004)
  • Psalidodon correntinus (Holmberg, 1891)
  • Psalidodon cremnobates (Bertaco & Malabarba, 2001)
  • Psalidodon crenuchoides (Zarske & Géry, 1999)
  • Psalidodon dissensus (Lucena & Thofehrn, 2013)[5]
  • Psalidodon dissimilis (Garavello & Sampaio, 2010)
  • Psalidodon eigenmanniorum (Cope, 1894)
  • Psalidodon endy (Mirande, Aguilera & Azpelicueta, 2006)
  • Psalidodon erythropterus (Holmberg, 1891)
  • Psalidodon fasciatus (Cuvier, 1819)
  • Psalidodon goyanensis (P. Miranda-Ribeiro, 1944)
  • Psalidodon gymnodontus C. H. Eigenmann, 1911
  • Psalidodon gymnogenys (C. H. Eigenmann, 1911)
  • Psalidodon hamatus (Bertaco & Malabarba, 2005)
  • Psalidodon henseli (de Melo & Buckup, 2006)
  • Psalidodon hermosus (Miquelarena, Protogino & H. L. López, 2005)
  • Psalidodon ita (Almirón, Azpelicueta & Casciotta, 2002)
  • Psalidodon jequitinhonhae (Steindachner, 1877)
  • Psalidodon kalunga (Bertaco & Carvalho, 2010)
  • Psalidodon langeanii (F. C. T. Lima & Moreira, 2003)
  • Psalidodon laticeps (Cope, 1894)
  • Psalidodon leonidas (Azpelicueta, Casciotta & Almirón, 2002)
  • Psalidodon marionae (C. H. Eigenmann, 1911)
  • Psalidodon minor (Garavello & Sampaio, 2010)
  • Psalidodon ojiara (Azpelicueta & Garcia, 2000)
  • Psalidodon pampa (Casciotta, Almirón & Azpelicueta, 2005)
  • Psalidodon parahybae (C. H. Eigenmann, 1908)
  • Psalidodon paranae (C. H. Eigenmann, 1914)
  • Psalidodon pellegrini (C. H. Eigenmann, 1907)
  • Psalidodon pessalii Teixeira, Salvador, Mirande & F. C. T. Lima, 2025
  • Psalidodon powelli (Terán, Butí & Mirande, 2017)
  • Psalidodon puka (Mirande, Aguilera & Azpelicueta, 2007)
  • Psalidodon pynandi (Casciotta, Almirón, Bechara, Roux & Ruíz Díaz, 2003)
  • Psalidodon rioparanaibanus Alves, I. H. R. Oliveira, Pasa & Kavalco, 2020
  • Psalidodon rivularis (Lütken, 1875)
  • Psalidodon rutilus (Jenyns, 1842)
  • Psalidodon saguazu (Casciotta, Almirón & Azpelicueta, 2003)
  • Psalidodon scabripinnis (Jenyns, 1842)
  • Psalidodon schubarti (Britski, 1964)
  • Psalidodon serratus (Garavello & Sampaio, 2010)
  • Psalidodon togoi (Miquelarena & H. L. López, 2006)
  • Psalidodon troya (Azpelicueta, Casciotta & Almirón, 2002)
  • Psalidodon tumbayaensis (Miquelarena & Menni, 2005)
  • Psalidodon uaiso (Carvalho & Langeani, 2013)
  • Psalidodon uberaba Serra & Langeani, 2015
  • Psalidodon varzeae (Abilhoa & Duboc, 2007)
  • Psalidodon vermilion (Zanata & Camelier, 2009)
  • Psalidodon xavante (Garutti & Venere, 2009)
  • Psalidodon xiru (Lucena, J. B. Castro & Bertaco, 2013)[5]

References

  1. ^ a b Fricke, Ron; Eschmeyer, William N. & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Genera in the family Acestrorhamphinae". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 10 November 2025.
  2. ^ Guillermo E. Terán; Mauricio F. Benitez; J. Marcos Mirande (2020). "Opening the Trojan horse: phylogeny of Astyanax, two new genera and resurrection of Psalidodon (Teleostei: Characidae)". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 190 (4): 1217–1234. doi:10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaa019.
  3. ^ Fricke, Ron; Eschmeyer, William N. & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Species in the genus Psalidodon". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 21 September 2025.
  4. ^ Bailly, Nicolas (2015). "Psalidodon Eigenmann, 1911". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 23 December 2023.
  5. ^ a b Lucena CA, Castro JB, Bertaco VA (2013). "Three new species of Astyanax from drainages of southern Brazil (Characiformes: Characidae)". Neotropical Ichthyology. 11 (3): 537–552. doi:10.1590/s1679-62252013000300007.

Further reading

  • Kavalco, Karine Frehner, Rubens Pazza, and Lurdes Foresti de Almeida-Toledo. "Astyanax bockmanni Vari and Castro, 2007: an ambiguous karyotype in the Astyanax genus." Genetica 136.1 (2009): 135–139.