The dog (Canis familiaris or Canis lupus familiaris) is a domesticated descendant of the gray wolf. Also called the domestic dog, it was selectively bred from a population of wolves during the Late Pleistocene by hunter-gatherers. Dogs were the first species to be domesticated over 14,000 years ago, before the development of agriculture. Due to their long association with humans, dogs have gained the ability to thrive on a starch-rich diet that would be inadequate for other canids.
Dogs have been bred for desired behaviors, sensory capabilities, and physical attributes. Dog breeds vary widely in shape, size, and color. They have the same number of bones (with the exception of the tail), powerful jaws that house around 42 teeth, and well-developed senses of smell, hearing, and sight. Compared to humans, dogs possess a superior sense of smell and hearing, but inferior visual acuity. Dogs perform many roles for humans, such as hunting, herding, pulling loads, protection, companionship, therapy, aiding disabled people, and assisting police and the military.
Communication in dogs includes eye gaze, facial expression, vocalization, body posture (including movements of bodies and limbs), and gustatory communication (scents, pheromones, and taste). They mark their territories by urinating on them, which is more likely when entering a new environment. Over the millennia, dogs have uniquely adapted to human behavior; this adaptation includes being able to understand and communicate with humans. As such, the human–canine bond has been a topic of frequent study, and dogs' influence on human society has given them the sobriquet of "man's best friend". (Full article...)
Pembroke and Cardigan Welsh Corgi The Welsh Corgi ( or Corgi (pl. Corgis); occasionally the etymologically consistent Corgwn ) is a small type of herding dog that originated in Wales. The name corgi is thought to be derived from the Welsh words cor and ci (which is mutated to gi), meaning "dwarf" and "dog", respectively.
Two separate breeds are recognised: the Pembroke Welsh Corgi and the Cardigan Welsh Corgi. Physical differences are seen between the two breeds. According to the breed standards, overall, the Cardigan is larger in weight and height and has a much longer tail than the Pembroke. (Full article...)
Purebred dogs, such as these Airedale Terriers, may participates in conformation dog shows with its owner or handler. Dog shows (and the related sport of Junior Handling for children and young people) are a popular activity; a single show, the 2006 Crufts dog show alone had 143,000 spectators, with 24,640 purebred dogs entered, representing 178 different breeds from 35 different countries.
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- † = Descended from and closely related to livestock guardian dogs, but traditionally used in other roles
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Dog types are broad categories of domestic dogs based on form, function, style of work, lineage, or appearance. Some may be locally adapted dog types (or landraces) that may have the visual characteristics of a modern purebred dog. In contrast, modern dog breeds strictly adhere to long-established breed standards,[note 1] that began with documented foundation breeding stock sharing a common set of inheritable characteristics, developed by long-established, reputable kennel clubs that recognize the dog as a purebred.
A "dog type" can be referred to broadly, as in gun dog, or more specifically, as in spaniel. Dogs raised and trained for a specific working ability rather than appearance may not closely resemble other dogs doing the same work, or any of the dogs of the analogous breed group of purebred dogs. (Full article...)
The following are images from various dog-related articles on Wikipedia.
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Image 1Montage showing the coat variation of dogs. (from Dog anatomy)
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Image 2Lateral view of a dog skeleton (from Dog anatomy)
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Image 3Sled dog types, sketched in 1833 (from Domestication of the dog)
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Image 5Basenji puppy (from Puppy)
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Image 6Sled dogs, 1833 (from Dog type)
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Image 7Tesem, an ancient Egyptian sight-hound (from Dog breed)
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Image 8External anatomy (topography) of a typical dog: 1. Head 2. Muzzle 3. Dewlap (throat, neck skin) 4. Shoulder 5. Elbow 6. Forefeet 7. Croup (rump) 8. Leg (thigh and hip) 9. Hock 10. Hind feet 11. Withers 12. Stifle 13. Paws 14. Tail (from Dog anatomy)
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Image 9Watercolor tracing made by archaeologist Henri Breuil from a cave painting of a wolf-like canid, Font-de-Gaume, France, dated 19,000 years ago (from Domestication of the dog)
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Image 10Schematic anatomy of the ear. In dogs, the ear canal has a "L" shape, with the vertical canal (first half) and the horizontal canal (deeper half, ending with the eardrum) (from Dog anatomy)
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Image 11The nose of a dog (from Dog anatomy)
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Image 12Example of a dog making prolonged eye contact with a human (from Domestication of the dog)
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Image 13Two Shih Tzu puppies (from Puppy)
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Image 14Golden Retriever puppy (from Puppy)
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Image 15St. Bernard puppy (from Puppy)
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Image 16President Lyndon B. Johnson with a basket of puppies in 1966 (from Puppy)
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Image 17Reduction in size under selective breeding – grey wolf and chihuahua skulls (from Domestication of the dog)
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Image 18Diagram of a wolf skull with key features labelled (from Domestication of the dog)
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Image 19The dog's retina shows the optic disc and the eye's vasculature. (from Dog anatomy)
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Image 20Frontal view of a dog skull (from Dog anatomy)
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Image 21An 1897 illustration showing a range of European dog breeds (from Dog breed)
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Image 22A little mongrel puppy on the shore, on Halong Bay (from Puppy)
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Image 23Montage showing the morphological variation of the dog. (from Dog breed)
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Image 24A labradoodle puppy and a Golden Retriever puppy playing together (from Puppy)
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Image 25The Greenland dog carries 3.5% genetic material inherited from a 35,000-year-old wolf from the Taymyr Peninsula, Arctic Siberia. (from Domestication of the dog)
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Image 26Sled dog types, sketched in 1833 (from Dog breed)
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Image 27An extinct Turnspit dog, 1800 (from Dog type)
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Image 28Puggle puppy (from Puppy)
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Image 30A drawing by Konrad Lorenz showing facial expressions of a dog - a communication behavior. X-axis is aggression, y-axis is fear. (from Dog behavior)
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Image 31Cavapoo puppy (from Puppy)
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Image 32Mandible of the Bonn–Oberkassel dog from the oldest dog-human co-burial dated 14,200 years old (from Domestication of the dog)
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Image 33NASA astronaut Leland D. Melvin with his dogs Jake and Scout (from Dog behavior)
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Image 34A cavapoo and maltipoo running back while playing fetch (from Dog behavior)
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Image 36Dog knee (from Dog anatomy)
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Image 37Boxer and Labrador Mix (from Dog breed)
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Image 38The difference in overall body size between a Cane Corso (Italian mastiff) and a Yorkshire terrier is over 30-fold, yet both are members of the same species. (from Domestication of the dog)
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Image 39Chihuahua puppy (from Puppy)
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Image 40Map depicting possible phylogeographic origins of dingoes, New Guinea singing dogs, and Island Southeast Asian and Oceanian dogs, based on recent genetic evidence (Fillios & Taçon, 2016) (from Domestication of the dog)
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Image 42The difference in body size between a Cane Corso (Italian mastiff) and a Yorkshire Terrier is over 30-fold; both are members of the same species. (from Dog anatomy)
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Image 44A dog's teeth (from Dog anatomy)
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Image 46Cart dogs, c. 1900; different in appearance but doing the same work (from Dog type)
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Image 48A dog's whiskers (from Dog anatomy)
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Image 49Skeleton of a dog:1. Cranium 2. Maxilla 3. Mandible 4. Atlas 5. Axis 6. Scapula 7. Spine of scapula 8. Humerus 9. Radius 10. Ulna 11. Phalanges 12. Metacarpal bones 13. Carpal bones 14. Sternum 15. Cartilaginous part of the rib 16. Ribs 17. Phalanges 18. Metatarsal bones 19. Tarsal Bones 20. Calcaneus 21. Fibula 22. Tibia 23. Patella 24. Femur 25. Ischium 26. Pelvis (from Dog anatomy)
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Image 50Newborn Basenji puppies (from Puppy)
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Image 51A wolf mandible diagram showing the names and positions of the teeth (from Dog anatomy)
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Image 52Lateral view of a dog skull, jaw closed (from Dog anatomy)
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Image 53Petroglyph depicting two dogs hunting – Tassili n'Ajjer, Algeria (from Domestication of the dog)
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Image 54The dog diverged from a now-extinct population of wolves 27,000–40,000 years ago, before or during the Last Glacial Maximum, when much of the mammoth steppe was cold and dry. (from Domestication of the dog)
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Image 55Bloodhound puppy (from Puppy)
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Image 56Chihuahua mix and purebred Great Dane (from Dog breed)
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Image 57Lateral view of a dog skull, jaw opened (from Dog anatomy)
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Image 58"Five different types of dogs", c. 1547. (from Dog breed)
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Image 59A mongrel puppy (from Puppy)
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Image 60German Spitz puppy (from Puppy)
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Image 61Bison surrounded by grey wolf pack (from Domestication of the dog)
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Image 62Mammoth bone dwelling, Mezhirich site, Ukraine (from Domestication of the dog)
- ...that the stray dogs Bummer and Lazarus (pictured) were so popular with the people of San Francisco in the 1860s that they were given special exemption from the leash laws?
- ...that Manuel Benito de Castro assumed the Presidency of Cundinamarca, with the condition that he would be allowed to leave Congress at a certain time to feed his dog?
- ...that the namesake for Hondo Dog Park in Hillsboro, Oregon, won an award for valor just weeks before being killed in the line of duty?
- ...that most of the dogs seen in the 2007 Thai film, Ma-Mha, were strays rescued from shelters and trained specifically for the film?
- ...that past Olympic mascots include several bears named Misha, Coal, Howdy and Hidy, and dogs Cobi and Waldi ?
- ...that the dog called the Miniature Fox Terrier (or Mini Foxie) originated in Australia?
- ...that the Brown Dog affair, an Edwardian-era vivisection cause célèbre, led to massive riots?
- ...that in addition to human spaceflight, there have been many animals in space, including monkeys, apes, mice, dogs, guinea pigs, frogs, rats, cats, tortoises, fish, newts, insects, snails, spiders and nematodes?
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- Stubs : Aksaray Malaklisi, Alopekis, Argentine pila dog, Armant (dog), Banjara Hound, Barbado da Terceira, Braque Dupuy, Bruno Jura Hound, Bulgarian Scenthound, Cane Lupino del Gigante, Cane Paratore, Cantabrian Water Dog, Barrocal Algarvio, Český fousek, Faroese Sheepdog, Georgian Shepherd, German Spitz Mittel, Gończy Polski, Grand Griffon Vendéen, Himalayan Sheepdog, Hygen Hound, Indian Spitz, Japanese Terrier, Kaikadi (dog), Koyun dog, Kumaon Mastiff, Levriero Italiano, Mahratta Hound, Majorca Ratter, Montenegrin Mountain Hound, Northern Inuit Dog, Phu Quoc Ridgeback, Plummer Terrier, Porcelaine, Pyrenean Mastiff, Rampur Greyhound, Romanian Mioritic Shepherd Dog, Romanian Raven Shepherd Dog, Saint Miguel Cattle Dog, Sapsali, Sarabi dog, Sardinian Shepherd Dog, Schweizer Laufhund, Segugio Italiano, Segugio Maremmano, Segugio dell'Appennino, Sinhala Hound, Slovak Cuvac, South Russian Ovcharka, St. Hubert Jura Hound, Stichelhaar, Taigan, Tazy, Telomian, Treeing Cur, Vikhan, Villano de las Encartaciones, Villanuco de Las Encartaciones, White Shepherd, White Swiss Shepherd Dog, Xiasi Dog More stubs...
- Other : Tag and assess "dog" articles with {{WikiProject Dogs}} banner. See also Dog breeds WikiProject to do list.
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