Philodendron goeldii
| Philodendron goeldii | |
|---|---|
| Location taken: Berlin Botanical Garden and Botanical Museum | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Monocots |
| Order: | Alismatales |
| Family: | Araceae |
| Genus: | Philodendron |
| Species: | P. goeldii
|
| Binomial name | |
| Philodendron goeldii G.M.Barroso[1]
| |
| Synonyms[1] | |
| |
Philodendron goeldii, synonym Thaumatophyllum spruceanum, is a neotropical hemiepiphytic or scrambling plant in the genus Philodendron, in the family Araceae. It is native to northern South America.[1]
Description
Philodendron goeldii is noted for its unusually hoop-shaped, parallel-pinnately veined, pedately divided leaves;[2] these are similar to those of the sympatric species Philodendron leal-costae.[3] Each leaf consists of 10-20 leaflets, with the central leaflet 18–50 cm long.[4]
P. goeldii is self-heading (arborescent or tree-like) and occurs both as a terrestrial shrub in sandy soil along riverbanks and forest margins, and as a hemiepiphyte atop larger trees in dense forest.[5]
The fruit of P. goeldii is edible and sweet, reminiscent of pineapple or banana.[5]
Taxonomy
The species was first described by Heinrich Wilhelm Schott in 1859 as Thaumatophyllum spruceanum.[1] It was initially the only species in the genus Thaumatophyllum.[6] The specific epithet spruceanum refers to botanist Richard Spruce, credited as being the first to collect specimens of the plant from the Amazon rainforest in 1851.[7]
The species was later moved to Philodendron in 1962 by Graziela M. Barroso, placed alongside other members of what was then the subgenus Meconostigma.[8] However, she did not explicitly refer to the basionym Thaumatophyllum spruceanum when publishing the combination Philodendron spruceanum, rendering it unacceptable. (Philodendron spruceanum was later published correctly for a different species.[9]) Molecular phylogenetics research in 2018 resulted in the subsequent resurrection of Thaumatophyllum, with Meconostigma species being placed within it.[4] As of October 2025, Plants of the World Online and other taxonomic databases did not accept Thaumatophyllum, treating it as a synonym of Philodendron.[10][11][12] As the name Philodendron spruceanum is not acceptable, the later synonym Philodendron goeldii is used.[1]
Distribution
Philodendron goeldii is native to the humid rainforest of northern Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Peru, Suriname, and Venezuela.[1]
Gallery
-
Location taken: Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden, Miami.
-
Aerial roots and leaf scars on the trunk
-
Spathes surrounding the flowers
-
Flowers and petioles
-
Location taken: Garfield Park Conservatory, Chicago
References
- ^ a b c d e f "Philodendron goeldii G.M.Barroso". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 2025-10-04.
- ^ Hay, A. (2019). "Durianology, discovery, and saltation — the evolution of aroids". Gardens' Bulletin Singapore. 71 (Suppl. 2): 279. doi:10.26492/gbs71(suppl.2).2019-20.
- ^ Mayo, S.J. (1990). "History and Infrageneric Nomenclature of Philodendron (Araceae)". Kew Bulletin. 45 (1). Springer on behalf of Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew: 37–71. doi:10.2307/4114436. JSTOR 4114436. Retrieved 22 April 2023.
- ^ a b Sakuragui, Cassia Mônica; Calazans, Luana Silva Braucks; Oliveira, Leticia Loss de; Morais, Érica Barroso de; Benko-Iseppon, Ana Maria; Vasconcelos, Santelmo; Schrago, Carlos Eduardo Guerra & Mayo, Simon Joseph (2018), "Recognition of the genus Thaumatophyllum Schott − formerly Philodendron subg. Meconostigma (Araceae) − based on molecular and morphological evidence", PhytoKeys (98): 51–71, doi:10.3897/phytokeys.98.25044, PMC 5943393, PMID 29750071
- ^ a b Madison, M. (1981). "Notes on some aroids along the Rio Negro, Brazil [1979]" (PDF). Aroideana (USA). 2 (3): 71, 77. ISSN 0197-4033. Retrieved 30 November 2024.
- ^ Schott, H. (1859), "Aroideenskizzen", Bonplandia. Zeitschrift für die gesammte Botanik (in German and Latin), 7 (3): 26–31, p. 31
- ^ Shmahalo, Olena. "DNA Analysis Reveals a Genus of Plants Hiding in Plain Sight". Quanta Magazine. Simons Foundation. Retrieved 23 April 2023.
- ^ Mayo, S.J. (1991), "A revision of Philodendron subgenus Meconostigma (Araceae)", Kew Bulletin, 46 (4): 601–668, doi:10.2307/4110410, JSTOR 4110410
- ^ "Philodendron spruceanum G.S.Bunting", Plants of the World Online, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, retrieved 2025-10-04
- ^ "Thaumatophyllum Schott", Plants of the World Online, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, retrieved 2025-10-04
- ^ "Thaumatophyllum Schott", World Flora Online, retrieved 2025-10-04
- ^ "Genus Thaumatophyllum Schott", GRIN Taxonomy, retrieved 2025-10-04