Pembroke Dockyard

Pembroke Dockyard
Pembroke Dockyard
Pembroke Dock, Pembrokeshire, Wales
	The former Dockyard viewed from the Defensible Barracks
Site information
Type	Dockyard
Location
Coordinates	51°41′43″N 4°57′17″W / 51.6952°N 4.9548°W
Site history
Built	1814
Fate	Closed 1926

Pembroke Dockyard, originally called Pater Yard, is a former Royal Navy Dockyard in Pembroke Dock, Pembrokeshire, Wales.

History

Early naval presence at Milford Haven

The origins of naval shipbuilding on Milford Haven were in the private shipyard of Jacobs on the north side of the waterway. In November 1757, the Admiralty sent a surveying delegation to the haven, which prepared a report for Parliament recommending, "the construction of a Milford dock yard".^[1] No such place as Milford existed at this time, just the village of Hubberston. The report showed early signs of lobbying, with the scale of the local infrastructure and ship building activity exaggerated.^[1]

Dockyard development began on the north bank of the waterway. By the late 18th century, much of the village and the lands around Hubberston were owned by diplomat and politician Sir William Hamilton. Together with his nephew, the Hon. Charles Grenville, he proposed a scheme of development under the title "Milford", in reference to the 1758 report.^[1] They began by building a shipyard, and leased it to a Messrs. Harry and Joseph Jacob, though after receiving an order in 1796 to build a frigate and later a 74-gun ship-of-the-line, Jacobs went bankrupt. The Navy took over the shipyard lease.^[1]

In 1809, a naval commission recommended purchase of the Milford Haven facility and formal establishment of a Royal Navy dockyard.^[1] Milford was to be set up as a model dockyard under French management (possibly to develop the manoeuvrability of British ships) from which lessons could be learnt for implementation in other dockyards.^[1] However, the Admiralty failed to agree a purchase price for the existing Milford shipyard with Fulke Greville, Charles Greville's heir, so turned their attention to land 5 miles (8.0 km) across the haven from Milford in the called Pater (village) or Paterchurch. This was one of the few sites in the haven suitable for building a dock for constructing decent sized ships, as its shoreline was flat but led quickly into deep harbour. The Board of Ordnance had purchased 50 acres (20 ha) in preparation from the 1758 report to strengthen the haven's defences,^[2] which was added to by the purchase of an adjoining 20 acres (8.1 ha) for £5,500 from the Meyrick family.^[1]

Foundation

The dockyard at Pembroke Dock was founded in 1814, although not formally authorized until the Prince Regent signed the necessary Order in Council on 31 October 1815, and was known as Pater Yard until 1817. The Mayor of Pembroke had requested the change "in deference to the town of Pembroke some two miles (3.2 km) distant".^[3]

The site selected for the dockyard was greenfield land and the closest accommodations were in Pembroke. Office space was provided by the old frigate Lapwing after she was beached. The Royal Marine garrison was housed in the hulked 74-gun ship, HMS Dragon, after she was run aground in 1832. Many of the workmen commuted by boat from nearby communities until Pembroke Dock town was built up.^[4] In 1860 the dockyard's policing was transferred to the new No. 4 Division of the Metropolitan Police, which remained in that role until the 1920s.^[5]

Closure

After the end of the First World War, the dockyard was closed by the cash-strapped Admiralty as redundant in 1926. The Royal Air Force, however, built RAF Pembroke Dock on the site during the 1930s to house its flying boats, demolishing many of the existing buildings to make room for the necessary hangars and other facilities.^[6]

Administration of the dockyard

The admiral-superintendent^[7] was the Royal Navy officer in command of a larger Naval Dockyard. Portsmouth, Devonport and Chatham all had admiral-superintendents, as did some other dockyards in the United Kingdom and abroad at certain times. The admiral-superintendent usually held the rank of rear-admiral. His deputy was the captain of the dockyard (or captain of the port from 1969).

Some smaller dockyards, such as Sheerness and Pembroke,^[8] had a captain-superintendent ^[9] instead, whose deputy was styled commander of the dockyard. The appointment of a commodore-superintendent ^[10] was also made from time to time in certain yards.

The appointment of admiral-superintendents (or their junior equivalents) dates from 1832 when the Admiralty took charge of the Royal Dockyards. Prior to this larger dockyards were overseen by a commissioner who represented the Navy Board.

Resident Commissioner of the Navy, Pater Yard (1830–1832)

Included:^[11]

Captain Charles Bullen, July 1830 – 1832

Captain-Superintendent, Pembroke Dockyard (1857–1906)

Included:^[12]

Captain George Ramsay: July 1857-September 1862
Captain William Loring: September 1862-March 1866
Captain Robert Hall: March 1866-March 1871
Captain William Armytage: February 1871-January 1872
Captain Richard W. Courtenay: January 1872-March 1875
Captain Richard Vesey Hamilton: March 1875-October 1877
Captain George H. Parkin: October 1877-October 1882
Captain Alfred J. Chatfield: October 1882-January 1886
Captain Edward Kelly: January 1886-June 1887
Commodore George Digby Morant: June 1887-January 1889
Captain Samuel Long: January 1889-August 1891
Captain Walter Stewart: August 1891-January 1893
Captain Charles C.Penrose Fitzgerald: January 1893-March 1895
Captain William H. Hall: March 1895
Captain Charles J. Balfour: March 1895-October 1896
Captain Burges Watson: October 1896-October 1899
Captain Charles J. Barlow: October 1899-October 1902
Captain Gerald Walter Russell: October 1902-October 1904
Captain John Denison: October 1904-October 1906

Rear-Admiral Superintendent, Pembroke Dockyard (1906–1915)

Rear-Admiral Henry C. Kingsford: October 1906-December 1908
Rear-Admiral Godfrey H.B. Mundy: December 1908-December 1911
Rear-Admiral Alfred E.A. Grant: December 1911-September 1915

Captain-Superintendent, Pembroke Dockyard (1915–1926)

Captain Frederick D. Gilpin Brown: September 1915-April 1918
Captain John G. Armstrong: April 1918-February 1920
Captain David Murray Anderson: February 1920-April 1922
Captain the Hon. Arthur B. S. Dutton: April 1922-July 1924
Captain Leonard A. B. Donaldson: July 1924 – 1926

Listed buildings and Scheduled monuments

The site contains 107 listed buildings. One, the Paterchurch Tower is listed at Grade I and eighteen are listed at Grade II*, including the Defensible Barracks and the Garrison Chapel. The remainder are Grade II. There are three scheduled monuments, two, the Defensible Barracks and the South West Dockyard Tower which are also listed buildings, and the Bomb stores at West end of Fort Road.^[13] The list below details those structures graded I or II*, and the bomb store, the only scheduled monument that is not also listed.

Name	Location Grid Ref.^{[note 1]} Geo-coordinates	Date Listed	Function	Notes	Reference Number	Image
Paterchurch Tower	Pembroke Dock SM9576303558 51°41′37″N 4°57′23″W / 51.693484302558°N 4.956507736873°W / 51.693484302558; -4.956507736873 (Paterchurch Tower)	14 July 1981	Tower	This medieval tower stood outside the dockyard walls prior to realignment of the walls in 1844.^[14]^[15]	14341	See more images
No 1, The Terrace	Pembroke Dock SM9603803521 51°41′36″N 4°57′09″W / 51.693252420968°N 4.9525128244509°W / 51.693252420968; -4.9525128244509 (No 1, The Terrace)	18 January 1974	House	formerly listed together with the Commodore Club^[16]	6454
No 2, The Terrace	Pembroke Dock SM9606303504 51°41′35″N 4°57′08″W / 51.693108890757°N 4.9521416787765°W / 51.693108890757; -4.9521416787765 (No 2, The Terrace)	18 January 1974	House		6455
No 3, The Terrace	Pembroke Dock SM9607403501 51°41′35″N 4°57′07″W / 51.693085963764°N 4.9519809948437°W / 51.693085963764; -4.9519809948437 (No 3, The Terrace)	18 January 1974			14381
Dockyard Gates	Pembroke Dock SM9602803524 51°41′36″N 4°57′10″W / 51.693275711881°N 4.9526590610043°W / 51.693275711881; -4.9526590610043 (Dockyard Gates)	18 January 1974			14377
Piers and Lodges on Admiralty Way (formerly listed with Dockyard Wall)	Pembroke Dock SM9601403529 51°41′36″N 4°57′10″W / 51.693315502177°N 4.9528642603192°W / 51.693315502177; -4.9528642603192	18 January 1974			14378
Port Hotel (formerly listed as the Commodore Club/Captain Superintendent's house)	Pembroke Dock SM9599803533 51°41′36″N 4°57′11″W / 51.693345583501°N 4.9530977715249°W / 51.693345583501; -4.9530977715249	18 January 1974			14379
Port Hotel Stable Range to South	Pembroke Dock SM9599103507 51°41′35″N 4°57′11″W / 51.693109572209°N 4.9531837007604°W / 51.693109572209; -4.9531837007604 (Port Hotel Stable Range to South)	18 January 1974			14380
Garrison Chapel	Pembroke Dock SM9628003484 51°41′35″N 4°56′56″W / 51.6930083834°N 4.9489947374375°W / 51.6930083834; -4.9489947374375 (Garrison Chapel)	18 January 1974	Museum		6458	See more images
Former Guard House	Pembroke Dock SM9603603636 51°41′39″N 4°57′09″W / 51.694284295682°N 4.952608975907°W / 51.694284295682; -4.952608975907 (Former Guard House)	18 January 1974			6436
The Old Storehouse	Pembroke Dock SM9602503742 51°41′43″N 4°57′10″W / 51.695232075417°N 4.9528299082564°W / 51.695232075417; -4.9528299082564 (The Old Storehouse)	18 January 1974		Situated to W of Sunderland House, behind ferry terminal.^[17]	6441
Defensible Barracks	Pembroke Dock SM9606703083 51°41′22″N 4°57′07″W / 51.689330116781°N 4.9518377478342°W / 51.689330116781; -4.9518377478342 (Defensible Barracks)	18 January 1974	Barracks		6448	See more images
Barracks Platform	Pembroke Dock SM9606703083 51°41′22″N 4°57′07″W / 51.689330116781°N 4.9518377478342°W / 51.689330116781; -4.9518377478342 (Barracks Platform)	18 January 1994			14372
South West Martello Tower	Pembroke Dock SM9551803606 51°41′38″N 4°57′36″W / 51.693825784819°N 4.9600756864769°W / 51.693825784819; -4.9600756864769 (South West Martello Tower)	18 February 1994	Martello tower	Fort Road (W End)^[18]	14353	See more images
North East Martello Tower	Pembroke Dock SM9640603835 51°41′46″N 4°56′51″W / 51.696205961495°N 4.9473791773459°W / 51.696205961495; -4.9473791773459 (North East Martello Tower)	18 February 1994	Martello tower	Front Street (N Side)^[19]	14354	See more images
Dry-Moat Walls	Pembroke Dock SM9606703083 51°41′22″N 4°57′07″W / 51.689330116781°N 4.9518377478342°W / 51.689330116781; -4.9518377478342 (Dry-Moat Walls)	18 January 1974			14371
The Graving Dock including Bollards and Capstans (formerly listed with 13 Building Slips and Carr Jet)	Pembroke Dock SM9583903927 51°41′49″N 4°57′20″W / 51.696825350907°N 4.955625697233°W / 51.696825350907; -4.955625697233	18 January 1974	Graving Dock		14393
Zion Free Church, Meyrick Street	Pembroke Dock SM9667403435 51°41′34″N 4°56′36″W / 51.692711760614°N 4.943273567296°W / 51.692711760614; -4.943273567296 (Zion Free Church, Meyrick Street)	14 July 1981	Church	Built 1846-8, extended 1866-7 and renovated 1882, 1911 and 1986.^[20]	6415
Zion Free Church Forecourt railings, piers and gates, Meyrick Street	Pembroke Dock SM9669403432 51°41′34″N 4°56′35″W / 51.692692092504°N 4.9429828554186°W / 51.692692092504; -4.9429828554186	14 July 1981			14420
Bomb stores at West end of Fort Road	Pembroke Dock SM955035 51°41′36″N 4°57′35″W / 51.6933°N 4.9596°W / 51.6933; -4.9596	22 August 2017	Bomb store	Likely dating from 1934-39 when the site was redeveloped as an RAF flying boat station.^[21]	PE570

Notes

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g J.S.Guard (5 January 2004). "H.M. Dockyard Pembroke – A Brief History". J.S.Guard. Retrieved 23 August 2012.
^ "Pater Fort SW and W Walls, Pembroke Dock, Pembrokeshire". britishlistedbuildings.co.uk.
^ Phillips, pp. 12–16
^ Phillips, pp. 17–20, 40
^ "British Police History - Royal Marine Police".
^ Phillips, pp. 46–48
^ "Royal Naval dockyard staff". nationalarchives.gov.uk. The National Archives, UK, 2016. Retrieved 19 December 2017.
^ Carradice, Phil (2013). The Ships of Pembroke Dockyard. Stroud, Gloucs.: Amberley.
^ "Royal Naval dockyard staff". nationalarchives.gov.uk. The National Archives, UK, 2016. Retrieved 19 December 2017.
^ Stewart, William (2009). Admirals of the World: A Biographical Dictionary, 1500 to the Present. Jefferson, N.C.: McFarland. p. 47. ISBN 9780786438099.
^ Harrison, Simon (2010–2018). "Resident Commissioner at Pater Yard". threedecks.org. S. Harrison. Retrieved 2 March 2019.
^ Mackie, Colin. "Royal Navy Appointments from 1865" (PDF). gulabin.com. Colin Mackie, p.116, December 2017. Retrieved 19 December 2017.
^ "Listed buildings at Pembroke Dock". British Listed Buildings Online. Retrieved 12 September 2024.
^ Cadw. "Paterchurch Tower (14341)". National Historic Assets of Wales. Retrieved 4 April 2019.
^ "Paterchurch Tower". British Listed Buildings. Retrieved 4 April 2019.
^ Cadw. "No. 1, The Terrace (formerly listed together with the Port Hotel (6454)". National Historic Assets of Wales. Retrieved 9 April 2019.
^ Cadw. "The Old Storehouse (6441)". National Historic Assets of Wales. Retrieved 9 April 2019.
^ Cadw. "The South West Martello Tower (14353)". National Historic Assets of Wales. Retrieved 9 April 2019.
^ Cadw. "North East Martello Tower (14354)". National Historic Assets of Wales. Retrieved 9 April 2019.
^ Cadw. "Zion Free Church (6415)". National Historic Assets of Wales. Retrieved 9 April 2019.
^ Cadw. "Bomb stores at West end of Fort Road (PE570)". National Historic Assets of Wales. Retrieved 14 September 2024.

^ Sometimes known as OSGB36, the grid reference is based on the British national grid reference system used by the Ordnance Survey.

References

Phillips, Lawrie (2014). Pembroke Dockyard and the Old Navy: A Bicentennial History. The History Press. ISBN 978-0-7509-5214-9.

[JSGuard-1] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g J.S.Guard (5 January 2004). "H.M. Dockyard Pembroke – A Brief History". J.S.Guard. Retrieved 23 August 2012.

[2] "Pater Fort SW and W Walls, Pembroke Dock, Pembrokeshire". britishlistedbuildings.co.uk.

[3] Phillips, pp. 12–16

[4] Phillips, pp. 17–20, 40

[5] "British Police History - Royal Marine Police".

[6] Phillips, pp. 46–48

[7] "Royal Naval dockyard staff". nationalarchives.gov.uk. The National Archives, UK, 2016. Retrieved 19 December 2017.

[8] Carradice, Phil (2013). The Ships of Pembroke Dockyard. Stroud, Gloucs.: Amberley.

[9] "Royal Naval dockyard staff". nationalarchives.gov.uk. The National Archives, UK, 2016. Retrieved 19 December 2017.

[10] Stewart, William (2009). Admirals of the World: A Biographical Dictionary, 1500 to the Present. Jefferson, N.C.: McFarland. p. 47. ISBN 9780786438099.

[11] Harrison, Simon (2010–2018). "Resident Commissioner at Pater Yard". threedecks.org. S. Harrison. Retrieved 2 March 2019.

[12] Mackie, Colin. "Royal Navy Appointments from 1865" (PDF). gulabin.com. Colin Mackie, p.116, December 2017. Retrieved 19 December 2017.

[13] "Listed buildings at Pembroke Dock". British Listed Buildings Online. Retrieved 12 September 2024.

[15] Cadw. "Paterchurch Tower (14341)". National Historic Assets of Wales. Retrieved 4 April 2019.

[16] "Paterchurch Tower". British Listed Buildings. Retrieved 4 April 2019.

[17] Cadw. "No. 1, The Terrace (formerly listed together with the Port Hotel (6454)". National Historic Assets of Wales. Retrieved 9 April 2019.

[18] Cadw. "The Old Storehouse (6441)". National Historic Assets of Wales. Retrieved 9 April 2019.

[19] Cadw. "The South West Martello Tower (14353)". National Historic Assets of Wales. Retrieved 9 April 2019.

[20] Cadw. "North East Martello Tower (14354)". National Historic Assets of Wales. Retrieved 9 April 2019.

[21] Cadw. "Zion Free Church (6415)". National Historic Assets of Wales. Retrieved 9 April 2019.

[22] Cadw. "Bomb stores at West end of Fort Road (PE570)". National Historic Assets of Wales. Retrieved 14 September 2024.

[14] Sometimes known as OSGB36, the grid reference is based on the British national grid reference system used by the Ordnance Survey.

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[19]

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[21]

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Navy Board
Principal officers	Lieutenant of the Admiralty, (1546-1564) Treasurer of Marine Causes, (1546-1564) Comptroller of the Navy, (1546-1660) Surveyor of the Navy, (1546-1832) Clerk of the Navy, (1546-1660) Master of Naval Ordnance, (1546-1589) Keeper of the Storehouses, (1546-1560) Surveyor of Marine Victuals, (1550-1679) Treasurer of the Navy and Senior Commissioner, (1564-1660) Comptroller of the Navy and Chairman of the Board, (1660-1832) Treasurer of the Navy, (1660-1832) Clerk of the Acts, (1660-1796) Controller of Treasurer Accounts, (1667-1796) Controller of Victualling Accounts, (1667-1796) Controller of Storekeepers Accounts, (1671-1796) Comptroller of Victualling and Transport Services, (1800-1832) Commissioners for Current Business, (1686-1688) Commissioners for Old Accounts, 1686-1688) Commissioners for Examining Accounts (Incurred), (1688-1689) Deputy Comptroller of the Navy, (1793-1813), (1829-1832) Pay Commissioner, (1796-1814) Civil Architect and Engineer of the Navy, (1808-1812) Surveyor of Buildings, (1813-1832) Surveyor of Dockyards, (1813-1832) Accountant-General of the Navy, (1829-32) Superintendent of Transport, (1829-1831) Storekeeper-General of the Navy, (1829-32)
Subsidiary boards	Sick and Hurt Board Transport Board Victualling Board
Resident Commissioners of the navy home yards	Resident Commissioner, Chatham Dockyard, (1631-1829) Resident Commissioner, Portsmouth Dockyard, (1649-1829) Resident Commissioner, Woolwich Dockyard,(1688-1828) Resident Commissioner, Plymouth Dockyard, (1691-1822) Resident Commissioner, Deptford Dockyard, (1714-1823) Resident Commissioner, Sheerness Dockyard, (1793-1822) Resident Commissioner, Devonport Dockyard, (1823-1832)
Resident Commissioners of the navy overseas yards	Resident Commissioner, Jamaica Yard, (1675-1832) Resident Commissioner, Cadiz Yard, (1694) Resident Commissioner, Bombay Yard Resident Commissioner, Kinsale Yard, (1694-1713) Resident Commissioner, Gibraltar Yard, (1704-1832) Resident Commissioner, Antigua Yard, (1707-1832) Resident Commissioner, Ascension Yard, (1728-1832) Resident Commissioner, Port Mahon Yard, (1742-1763) Resident Commissioner, Halifax Yard, (1759-1832) Resident Commissioner, Barbados Yard, (1779-1783, 1810) Resident Commissioner, Kingston Yard, (1783-1832) Resident Commissioner, Ajaccio Yard, (1794-1799) Resident Commissioner, Bermuda Dockyard, (1795-1832) Resident Commissioner, Amherstburg Yard, (1796-1813) Resident Commissioner, Quebec Yard, (1804-1826) Resident Commissioner, Malta Dockyard, (1805-1832) Resident Commissioner, Madras Yard, (1808-1817) Resident Commissioner, Cape of Good Hope Yard, (1808-1822) Resident Commissioner, Bombay Dockyard, (1808-1816) Resident Commissioner, Trincomalee Dockyard, (1810-1832)
Offices under the principal officers	Navy Office Navy Pay Office Sick and Hurt Office Transport Office Victualling Office