Piscine patinoire de Boulogne-Billancourt

Boulogne-Billancourt Pool and Ice Rink
Piscine patinoire de Boulogne-Billancourt
Boulogne-Billancourt Pool and Ice Rink
Location within Paris
Interactive map of Boulogne-Billancourt Pool and Ice Rink
AddressFrance
LocationRives de Seine Quarter
Coordinates48°49′49.87″N 2°14′29.18″E / 48.8305194°N 2.2414389°E / 48.8305194; 2.2414389
OwnerCity of Boulogne-Billancourt
Operator4Padel (padel center)
Récréa (swimming pool)
Main venuePadel center
(ice rink until 2024)
FacilitiesSwimming pool
Acreage15,000 m2 (160,000 sq ft)[1]

Piscine patinoire de Boulogne-Billancourt[2] (lit. 'Boulogne-Billancourt Pool and Ice Rink') is an administrative ensemble consisting of two neighboring but physically separate sports venues located in Boulogne-Billancourt, Hauts-de-Seine, France, just west of Paris. The ice rink was decommissioned and converted to a padel center in 2025. In its original incarnation, it was home to the ice hockey section of multisports organization Athletic Club Boulogne-Billancourt, one of the sport's most prominent West European representatives in the late 1950s and early 1960s.

Ice rink

Patinoire de Boulogne-Billancourt
La Fédérale
Former namesPatinoire fédérale de Boulogne-Billancourt
Address1 rue Victor Griffuelhes
Capacity1630 (seated)
2288 (total)[3]
Field size60 × 30 metre[4]
Construction
Built1953–55 (building)
1957 (stand)
Opened21 December 1955
Closed1 October 2024
ArchitectLouis Saint-Calbre
Structural engineerGeorges Guyonnaud
Main contractorsAnciens établissements Eiffel
Tenants
AC Boulogne-Billancourt (1955–2024)
US Métro (195?–1971)
CSG Paris/CSG Molitor (1955–1974)
ASPP Paris (19??–19??)
Paris HC (1955–1961; 196?–196?; 1988–2024)
HC Lions de Paris (1961–196?)

Development and operations

Ice sports have a long history in the Boulogne-Billancourt area, as the lakes of the Bois de Boulogne were a favorite destination of skaters during the 19th and early 20th century.[5] The lakes were also a prime source of commercial ice for the food and restaurant industries, much of it extracted by the sector's leading company, the Société des glacières de Paris (lit. 'Paris Ice Houses Company'). As the industry moved from natural to artificial ice at the turn of the twentieth century, the company opened its main ice factory in nearby Billancourt (which later fused with Boulogne-sur-Seine to form Boulogne-Billancourt).[6]

According to figure skating coach Jacqueline Vaudecrane, she was instrumental in securing the new building in a meeting with France's then ministry of sport, using leverage gained from the victory of her student Jacqueline du Bief's in the 1952 World Figure Skating Championships.[7][8] However, the municipal archives of Boulogne-Billancourt state that preliminary work had in fact started several years before, at the behest of Jacques Lacarrière, general secretary in charge of ice hockey at the French Ice Sports Federation (which administered the sport before it became independent) and federation president Georges Guérard, as downtown Paris' Palais des sports de Grenelle was showing serious signs of aging. The rink's actual backer was grocery store heir Philippe Potin, who help procure much of the budget via a FF10 million bridge loan.[9][10]

The construction site, which represented the majority of a public park,[11] was selected due to its proximity with the Société des glacières de Paris building, which would act as the rink's ice supplier.[6] The company was approached in 1948 and greeted the idea with enthusiasm, as it would provide a valuable source of income outside of the busy summer season. The city of Boulogne-Billancourt gave its approval in 1951[9][12] and made the terrain available for a nominal rental fee of FF100 a year.[11] The building was erected between 1953 and 1955,[12] and formally inaugurated on 21 December 1955.[13] A stand was already planned at the time,[11] but its construction only took place in 1957.[14] Because the rink originally housed the headquarters of the French Ice Sports Federation, it came to be known at the time as Patinoire fédérale (lit. 'Federal Ice Rink') or just "La Fédérale".[15][16]

In 1987, the building was added to France's General Inventory of Cultural Heritage.[17] Following Jacques Lacarrière's death in 2005, there have been periodic efforts to rename the rink after him. Mayor Jean-Pierre Fourcade expressed his support, but after he left office the project was never seriously considered again.[18][19] On 17 December 2019, a plaque was unveiled to commemorate ACBB's three wins in the famed Spengler Cup invitational tournament at the turn of the sixties.[20]

Closure and conversion to padel

In May 2024, shortly before the conclusion of the rink's public utility delegation contract, mayor Pierre-Christophe Baguet announced that the city would not seek a new one, as the outdated facility had become too costly to operate,[21][22][23] in part because neighboring communities contributed a large share of its user base, but none of its operating budget.[24] He suggested that winter sports federations fund the full renovation costs and run the venue themselves.[25] A brief extension to the delegation—capped by law to six months—was signed, ostensibly to allow willing parties to put together a takeover plan.[26][27][23] A public interest group did propose a moratorium that would have seen two patrons contribute $300,000 to cover the most urgent refurbishments,[10][28] which the city turned down as it considered private contributions to represent a legal liability.[29][30]

Disputing a city-backed evaluation of the venue and claiming that it had acted in bad faith,[25][26][10][29][31] the group set up a petition that drew more than 36,000 signatures[32] and support from sports personalities like Teddy Riner[10][33] and Stéphane Diagana.[33] Despite the earlier announcement of a six-month grace period, the rink did not reopen on 1 October 2024.[34][35] A motion to compel the city to restart operations was rejected by an administrative court in November 2024.[24][36] The building was converted into Boulogne-Billancourt's first padel center. The seven-court facility managed by private operator 4Padel opened on 15 September 2025.[37][38] The rink's closure was a topic of debate in the next legislative election, with Philippe Tellini, Baguet's former deputy mayor turned dissident candidate, criticizing it.[39][40]

Design and building

The rink was designed by Paris-based architect Louis Saint-Calbre, a specialist of winter sports infrastructures and a competitor himself.[11][17] He was assisted by engineer Georges Guyonnaud.[41] It was built by Anciens établissements Eiffel (lit. 'Former Eiffel Establishments'), the successor company to Gustave Eiffel's original firm G. Eiffel & Cie. The gig was part of the company's efforts to reposition itself as a general contractor in the industrial and recreational markets, as metal—its speciality—was taking a backseat to concrete in large infrastructure projects.[42] The building has two levels and one underground floor.[11] The north and south sides were covered with aluminium.[11]

Its most distinctive feature was perhaps its translucent roof, slanted at 12 percent[43] and positioned 18.6 m (61 ft) above ground.[11] It consisted of 12 m (39 ft) × 2.3 m (7.5 ft) panels made of a corrugated and laminated polyester called Tegulite,[11] which extended onto most of the building's west side.[43][44] The bottom three meters of the west wall was made of fully transparent glass to illuminate the playing area.[43] The roof is supported by six hollow steel arches, which are 49.5 m (162 ft) to 51 m (167 ft)-wide depending on measurements.[13][43][44] They were forged by Longométal.[13] The building's complete metal framework weighs 210 tons.[11] On the west side, the arches are planted in the foundations. On the east side, they are planted 9.5 m (31 ft) above ground, in a reinforced concrete structure that houses the rink's technical and administrative dependencies. These originally included a dormitory[43] and the headquarters of the French Ice Sports Federation, which were located on the first floor.[7]

The concrete structure also provides full support for the building's two-level stand, which is not directly attached to its steel structure. It was originally conceived for 2,800 spectators.[14] The main hall is 63 m (207 ft) × 50 m (160 ft).[11] Although it has sometimes been called a Patinoire olympique, in reference to its Olympic-size dimensions of 60 × 30 metre 1,800 m2 (19,000 sq ft),[43] one source mentions that its ice sheet fell slightly short of traditional Olympic requirements, with listed dimensions of approximately 60 m (200 ft) × 29 m (95 ft), and a listed surface of 1,711 m2 (18,420 sq ft).[45] The main hall was originally adorned with a monumental analog scoreboard on the west side (which has since been replaced), and a large analog clock on north wall (which remains), both made by Longines.[14][46]

The rink was originally connected to the Société des glacières de Paris via a tunnel under rue Émile-Pouget, which carried brine ice at a temperature of −17 °C (1 °F) from the factory to the venue.[43] As cold rooms had by then supplanted much of the business, the ice factory closed in 1974 and the rink transitioned to a standalone refrigeration system. The public park that today borders the rink, and occupies the land where the ice factory once stood, bears the name Parc des glacières (lit. 'Ice Houses Park') in remembrance of the area's historical background.[6][47]

In 2002–2003, in conjunction with a remodel of the adjacent swimming pool, the rink was given a major makeover. The original translucent roof was replaced by a better insulated one made of metal, while the translucent panels on the west side were replaced by a full glass wall.[45][48] The office space was also restructured, although the general shape of the building was kept intact due to its architectural value.[49]

Resident organizations

The rink hosted the headquarters of the French Ice Sports Federation (FFSG) for fourteen years, between 1955 and 1969.[12][10] It was also home to the Ligue des Sports de Glace Île-de-France (a division of the FFSG overseeing the Paris Region specifically) from the division's creation in 1969 to 2004.[50] Two rooms on the first floor have been repurposed as dance studios for various local schools.[24]

The Federation's national figure skating school founded by trainer Jacqueline Vaudecrane moved to Boulogne-Billancourt from Sporting Victor-Hugo,[8] and hosted such athletes as Alain Calmat, Alain Giletti, Patrick Péra and Surya Bonaly, most of them registered with the ice sports section of Athletic Club de Boulogne-Billancourt.[7] In 1998, the rink welcomed the ice skating section of another multisports group, Paris Olympique Club, which was created that year, largely to accommodate figure skater Laëtitia Hubert after she and her coach had a falling out with Français Volants, Paris' historic ice sports club based at Patinoire Sonja-Henie.[51]

The first speed skating event hosted by the rink was a standalone event celebrating its inauguration, on 29 December 1955.[16] The venue once housed a speed skating club chaired by André Kouprianoff. Speed skating activities were organized under the names C.P.C.P. (Club de Patinage de Course de Paris)[52] and C.E.P.G.[53][54]

Prior to the wave of ice rink openings that accompanied 1968's Grenoble Olympics, Boulogne hosted most hockey teams in the Paris Region. The first hockey game played at the venue pitted Paris HC against CSG Paris (later known as CSG Molitor).[46] Other featured teams included hometown side ACBB, US Métro (which moved to Viry-Châtillon in 1971 as Jets de Viry), Association sportive de la Préfecture de police de Paris and the short-lived Lions de Paris. Even though he was one of the driving forces behind the venue, Jacques Lacarrière frowned upon having to share ice time with so many tenants, and opted against bringing back his own club, Français Volants (which was then on hold). The Volants would only reform in 1965 with the opening of Palais de la jeunesse et des sports in Charenton-le-Pont.[55]
Boulogne also hosted a brief revival of the Coupe Jean-Potin, an invitational hockey tournament created by Philippe Potin's father Jean Potin, which had enjoyed popular success before and immediately after World War II at the Palais des sports de Grenelle.[56]

On 2 January 1972, the rink hosted a special edition of :fr:Télé-Dimanche (lit. 'Sunday TV'), French television's leading weekend variety show, whose set was built atop the ice. On this occasion, the program was exceptionally renamed Télé-Dimanche sur glace (lit. 'Sunday TV on Ice').[57][58] Several popular singers of the day performed their current hits on ice skates, including Claude François ("Il fait beau, il fait bon") and Sylvie Vartan ("Non je ne suis plus la même"), although most appeared to lip sync.[59][60]

Between the 1970s to 1990s, the rink also hosted concerts. Including standing room, the building had a capacity of about 6,000 as a live entertainment venue.[10][61] In addition to several standalone acts, the venue hosted 1990's TBB Blues, an event spun off from the TBB Jazz festival held at the nearby Théâtre de Boulogne-Billancourt, which featured Walter Washington, Etta James, The Blues Brothers, Albert King and Curtis Mayfield.[62] For some of these events, it was rebranded as Palais d'hiver ('Winter Palace').[61]

On 25 April 1974, the ice rink hosted a major rally for presidential candidate Jacques Chaban-Delmas, in presence of fellow politicians like André Malraux and Michel Debré, as well as celebrities such as TV host Guy Lux. This happened to be the first political rally attended by future president Nicolas Sarkozy, and inspired him to pursue a political career.[63]

Notable sports events

Swimming pool

Piscine de Boulogne-Billancourt
Location165 rue du Vieux-Pont-de-Sèvres
Opened1 November 1962
ArchitectHenri-Pierre Maillard
Paul Ducamp
Former namePiscine du Stade Français
Length25 metre (pool 1)
25 metre (pool 2)
Width20 metre (pool 1)
12,5 metre (pool 2)
Features
Water slide
Facilities
Fitness center
Spa


History

The swimming pool is located immediately to the west of the ice rink. It was built between 1961 and 1962,[69] and inaugurated on 1 November 1962.[70] It was originally the property of multisports club Stade Français,[71] although the organization faced financial problems at the end of the 1960s and there were talks of closing it.[72] Stade Français eventually sold the venue, which became city-owned, and relocated to the new Centre Charras in Courbevoie in 1973.[73][74]

In the 1980s, the pool hosted the Meeting International de Natation de la F.F.N., successively title-sponsored by swimwear brands Arena and Diana Sport, which was described as the world's most important short course meet at the time.[75][76] In 2014, former Olympic champion swimmer Laure Manaudou hosted the debut fashion show of her swimwear brand LM Design at the venue.[77]

Design

Beginning in 1957, the base concrete design was laid out by architects fr:Henri-Pierre Maillard and Paul Ducamp of Atelier d’architecture MD, who cornered a large segment of the market during France's post World War II swimming pool boom. In 1960, engineer fr:Stéphane Du Chateau joined the project and added his proprietary Système SDC,[78] a metal arch system previously used at the Grandval Dam. The resulting design was considered an evolutionary step towards the popular Tournesol model that would become ubiquitous in the ensuing years.[79][80] In its original configuration, the building housed an eight-lane, 33-metre pool on its main floor, inside a square-shaped 40 × 40 metre hall.[81] A mobile wall separated a typically 25-metre long competition area from a smaller teaching area.[12][72] A small slide was also on offer.[12] A lower level featuring a sauna and a multisports room, from which portholes originally allowed a view of the adjacent underwater area.[82]

The facility received a major restructuring between 2001 and 2003, estimated at €16 million,[83] under architect Thierry Nabères of Paris-based firm TNA Architectes, in conjunction with a refurbishment of the neighboring ice rink. On this occasion, the original pool was shortened from 33 to 25 metre. The remaining area was fitted with a separate play pool, part of which extends outside. A new building was also built from scratch: the street level offers a second 25-metre, five-lane pool and children's areas, while a new 50-metre slide replaces the original. The operation took the overall water surface from 660 m2 (7,100 sq ft) to 1,260 m2 (13,600 sq ft).[84][85][86] The upper floor is dedicated to a spa and a fitness center.[48][87][88]

Notable events

  • Meeting International de Natation de la F.F.N. (19??–????)

References

  1. ^ "Piscine Municipale et Patinoire". sportenfrance.fr (in French). 29 December 2014. Archived from the original on 15 December 2024.
  2. ^ "Piscine-patinoire - 92100". societe.com (in French). Retrieved April 2, 2023.
  3. ^ Bilan de l'activité des sous-commissions (PDF) (Report). Commission consultative départementale de sécurité des Hauts-de-Seine. 14 December 2012. Retrieved 10 January 2021.
  4. ^ "Piscine municipale et patinoire de Boulogne-Billancourt". sportenfrance.fr (in French). 29 December 2014. Retrieved April 2, 2023.
  5. ^ Demory, Hubert. "Le patinage au XIX° siècle" (in French). Retrieved May 29, 2023.
  6. ^ a b c "Les Glacières ou l'histoire d'une industrie révolue". boulognebillancourt.com (in French). 27 June 2023. Retrieved April 2, 2023.
  7. ^ a b c Mortier, Yves (21 April 2006). "Boulogne ravive les mémoires". Le Parisien. Retrieved July 17, 2023.
  8. ^ a b Faraut, Julien (director) (2010). Mémoire d'entraineur : Jacqueline Vaudecrane – Patinage artistique (video interview). Mémoire orale (in French). INSEP.
  9. ^ a b "Racines: la 'Fédérale' de Boulogne-Billancourt". La Ligne Bleue (in French). No. 4. Issy-les-Moulineaux: Fédération française de hockey sur glace. Archived from the original on 31 December 2009.
  10. ^ a b c d e f g h i Alric, Tristan (30 May 2024). "90 / ACBB : Un 'monument' en danger de mort !". hockeyhebdo.com. Tribune libre (in French). Retrieved 22 September 2025.
  11. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Léveillé, René (March 1956). "Les clins en aluminium de la patinoire fédérale" (PDF). Revue de l'aluminium (in French). No. 230. Paris. pp. 276–279.
  12. ^ a b c d e "Emblématiques lieux de sport". Boulogne-Billancourt : terre de sports (in French). City of Boulogne-Billancourt, Municipal Archives. 5 September 2023. Retrieved April 2, 2023.
  13. ^ a b c "Paris possède une nouvelle patinoire". Le Monde (in French). 22 December 1955. Retrieved April 2, 2023.
  14. ^ a b c "Patinoire à Boulogne-Billancourt". L'Architecture d'aujourd'hui (in French). No. 76. Boulogne. June 1958. pp. 40–41.
  15. ^ a b Alric, Tristan (29 October 2021). "Les liens étroits de la NHL avec la France". hockeyhebdo.com (in French). Retrieved May 29, 2023.
  16. ^ a b "Course Inauguration Patinoire". speedskatingnews.info. Retrieved April 2, 2023.
  17. ^ a b "Patinoire" (1993). Inventaire général du patrimoine culturel, Series: Architectures du sport en Ile-de-France, ID: IA00119880. Saint-Ouen: Région Ile-de-France.
  18. ^ Alric, Tristan (12 March 2021). "L'histoire des noms de nos patinoires". hockeyhebdo.com (in French). Retrieved May 29, 2023.
  19. ^ "La patinoire pourrait s'appeler Jacques-Lacarrière". Le Parisien (in French). 19 February 2011. Retrieved May 29, 2023.
  20. ^ Dubugnon-Simonet, Patrick (December 18, 2019). "ACBB Hockey sur glace : Vainqueur de la Spengler Cup 1959, 1960, 1961". facebook.com (in French). Retrieved May 29, 2023.
  21. ^ de Guglielmo, B.; Tsimba, D.; Berthod, C.; Douley, Z.; Lalemant, A. (16 May 2024). "Boulogne-Billancourt: la patinoire menacée de fermeture, la mairie serre la vis sur ses subventions sportives". bfmtv.com (in French). Retrieved 13 September 2025.
  22. ^ "Information aux Boulonnaises et aux Boulonnais sur la fermeture de la patinoire". boulognebillancourt.com (in French). 27 May 2024. Retrieved 11 July 2025.
  23. ^ a b Da Veiga, Léo (15 June 2024). "Boulogne-Billancourt : la patinoire 'Fédérale' au bord du gouffre". Les Échos (in French). Retrieved 29 May 2025.
  24. ^ a b c "Les opposants à la fermeture de la patinoire de Boulogne-Billancourt à nouveau déboutés de leur procédure contre la ville de Boulogne-Billancourt et condamnés par le Tribunal administratif de Cergy-Pontoise" (PDF) (Press release). Boulogne-Billancourt city hall. 14 November 2024. Retrieved 24 September 2025.
  25. ^ a b Lenhardt, Marjorie (28 May 2024). "Le maire de Boulogne propose de céder la patinoire pour 1 euro : 'Si c'est de l'humour, c'est très mal placé'". Le Parisien (in French). Retrieved 21 September 2025.
  26. ^ a b Goth, Dorine (29 May 2024). "À Boulogne-Billancourt, clubs et fédérations veulent sauver la patinoire vouée à la fermeture". actu.fr (in French). Retrieved July 1, 2025.
  27. ^ Alric, Tristan (14 June 2024). "ACBB : Sursis inquiétant pour la patinoire 'fédérale'". hockeyhebdo.com. Tribune libre (in French). Retrieved 19 September 2024.
  28. ^ Forneris, Jean (13 January 2025). "'C'est vraiment un choc ! Quand on passe devant le bâtiment fermé', le désarroi des licenciés de la patinoire de Boulogne". France 3 (in French). France Télévisions. Retrieved 29 May 2025.
  29. ^ a b Grotteria, Antoine (16 January 2025). "'C'était une échappatoire' : les fidèles de la patinoire de Boulogne-Billancourt désœuvrés depuis la fermeture". actu.fr (in French). Retrieved 1 July 2025.
  30. ^ Patiner à Boulogne; Ville de Boulogne-Billancourt (February 2025). "Droits de réponse". Boulogne-Billancourt Information (in French). No. 532. Boulogne-Billancourt City Hall. p. 40.{{cite magazine}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  31. ^ Detout, Arnaud (11 October 2024). "'Mon fils en a pleuré' : la colère de parents de jeunes licenciés après la fermeture de la patinoire à Boulogne". Le Parisien (in French). Retrieved 8 July 2025.
  32. ^ "De l'histoire d'un colosse…". ffhg.org (in French). 8 October 2024. Retrieved 22 September 2025.
  33. ^ a b Nony, Céline (30 May 2024). "'C'est déshonorant pour la ville' : à Boulogne-Billancourt, la patinoire historique est menacée de fermeture". L'Équipe (in French). Retrieved 11 July 2025.
  34. ^ Guédon, Claire (12 November 2024). "'On ne désespère pas de faire rouvrir cette patinoire', espère le président de l'association Patiner à Boulogne". francebleu.fr (in French). Radio France. Retrieved 21 September 2025.
  35. ^ Alric, Tristan (14 November 2024). "99 / On est en train d'effacer notre histoire !". hockeyhebdo.com. Tribune libre (in French). Retrieved 9 June 2025.
  36. ^ Lenhardt, Marjorie (14 November 2024). "Fermeture de la patinoire de Boulogne-Billancourt : les clubs déboutés par la justice". Le Parisien (in French). Retrieved 8 July 2025.
  37. ^ "'Un incroyable gâchis et de faux prétextes écologiques' : la patinoire de Boulogne-Billancourt transformée en salle de padel". L'Équipe (in French). 24 July 2025. Retrieved 19 September 2025.
  38. ^ Grotteria, Antoine (21 September 2025). "'Une étrange sensation' : une nouvelle ère s'ouvre avec le padel à l'ex-patinoire de Boulogne-Billancourt". actu.fr (in French). Retrieved 21 September 2025.
  39. ^ Lenhardt, Marjorie; Damecour, Anne-Sophie (7 January 2025). "Législative partielle à Boulogne : déjà trois adjoints au maire candidats, les hostilités sont ouvertes à droite". Le Parisien (in French). Retrieved 8 July 2025.
  40. ^ Dole, Damien (31 January 2025). "Reportage Dissidences, adjoints virés et patinoire sacrifiée : à Boulogne-Billancourt, le 'socle commun' dévisse avant la législative partielle". Libération (in French). Paris. Retrieved May 29, 2023.
  41. ^ Seitz, Frédéric (2014). "11. Le devenir des outils industriels et scientifiques". Gustave Eiffel : Le triomphe de l’ingénieur (in French). Malakoff: Armand Colin. pp. 167–182. ISBN 9782200271961.
  42. ^ Carouge, É.; Vandecavez, Emmanuel; Brumain, René; Piernas, Gersende. "Répertoire numérique 1875 – 1969" [index]. Eiffel, p. 5. Roubaix: Archives nationales du monde du travail.
  43. ^ a b c d e f g Peissi, P. (March 1956). "Patinoire à Boulogne-Billancourt, France". L'Architecture d'aujourd'hui (in French). No. 64. Boulogne. pp. 82–83.
  44. ^ a b Monin, Éric (2020). "Une histoire à portée de main. Des composants du second œuvre dans l'architecture des Trente Glorieuses" (PDF). CoRé : Conservation, Restauration du patrimoine culturel. No. Hors-série 2020. Lille: Université Lille Nord-Europe. p. 101.
  45. ^ a b Bossut, Olivier (27 August 2003). "La canicule retarde la réouverture de la patinoire". Le Parisien (in French). Retrieved May 29, 2023.
  46. ^ a b Alric, Tristan (2019). "Paris Hockey Club". Encyclopédie du hockey sur glace : Histoires de 155 clubs et archives. Montpellier.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  47. ^ "Les Glacières". levillagedebillancourt.fr (in French). 15 March 2020. Retrieved April 2, 2023.
  48. ^ a b "Boulogne : réouverture de la piscine". lemoniteur.fr (in French). 5 December 2003. Retrieved April 2, 2023.
  49. ^ "Patinoire – Boulogne". tna.fr (in French). TNA Architectes. Retrieved May 29, 2023.
  50. ^ "Ligue des Sports de Glace Ile-de-France". pappers.fr (in French). Retrieved April 2, 2023.
  51. ^ Behar, Marianne (18 July 1998). "Laëtitia Hubert au POC". Le Parisien (in French). Retrieved May 29, 2023.
  52. ^ "Club de Patinage de Course de Paris" (in French). Retrieved April 2, 2023.
  53. ^ "Competition: Coupe CEPG". speedskatingnews.info. Retrieved April 2, 2023.
  54. ^ "Competition: Coupe du CEPG". speedskatingnews.info. Retrieved April 2, 2023.
  55. ^ Alric, Tristan (21 May 2021). "Pourquoi le hockey a perdu son 'Paris'". hockeyhebdo.com (in French). Retrieved May 29, 2023.
  56. ^ a b c "Paris, AC Boulogne-Billancourt". eishockeyblog.ch (in German). Retrieved April 2, 2023.
  57. ^ "Télé Dimanche – sur glace du 02-01-1972". Melody TV. Retrieved May 29, 2023.
  58. ^ Marcillac, Raymond (producer); Antoine (host); Les Charlots (hosts); Fabre, Denise (host) (23 July 2012) [2 January 1972]. Claude Moléna à la trompette et Ballet sur glace (archive footage) (in French). Paris: ORTF. Retrieved 27 September 2023.
  59. ^ François, Claude (guest) (22 April 2018) [2 January 1972]. Claude François "Il fait beau, il fait bon" à la patinoire (archive footage) (in French). Paris: ORTF. Retrieved 27 September 2023.
  60. ^ Vartan, Sylvie (guest) (17 March 2023) [2 January 1972]. Sylvie Vartan à la Patinoire de Boulogne Billancourt (archive footage) (in French). Paris: ORTF. Retrieved 27 September 2023.
  61. ^ a b c d Wais, Alan (1 July 1980). "Le Fantôme de Lou Reed". Le Monde (in French). Retrieved May 29, 2023.
  62. ^ a b c "Disparition de Jean-François Deiber". soulbag.fr. 20 April 2005. Retrieved 1 July 2025.
  63. ^ Nay, Catherine (17 January 2007). Un pouvoir nommé désir. Paris: Grasset & Fasquelle. ISBN 9782246680093.
  64. ^ Briard, Gaëtan (25 July 2020). "Hockey sur glace. Il y a vingt ans, le coup de griffe des Léopards de Caen". Ouest France (in French). Retrieved May 29, 2023.
  65. ^ a b "Thursday, 11th June 1981". deflepparduk.com. Retrieved 19 September 2025.
  66. ^ "Ted Nugent / Mother's Finest May 30, 1981". concertarchives.org. Retrieved 19 September 2025.
  67. ^ "Bébés Dinosaures virtuel, 26 avril 2020". canalsud.net (in French). 26 April 2020. Retrieved 19 September 2025.
  68. ^ "Jun 09, 1980: Trust - Patinoire Boulogne-Billancourt France". photoshelter.com. Iconic Pix. 28 September 2023 [9 June 1980]. Retrieved 19 September 2025.
  69. ^ Steel Congress 1964: Progress in Steel Construction Work. Luxembourg: High Authority of the European Coal and Steel Community. 1965. p. 587.
  70. ^ "La piscine du Stade français a été inaugurée". Le Monde (in French). 2 November 1962. Retrieved May 29, 2023.
  71. ^ "Piscine du Stade Français, à Boulogne". Aujourd'hui – Art et architecture. Vol. 6, no. 37. Boulogne. June 1962. pp. 78–81.
  72. ^ a b G.F. (7 February 1969). "La piscine de Boulogne-Billancourt risque d'être fermée". Le Monde (in French). Retrieved April 2, 2023.
  73. ^ Maudet, Thierry; Dièvre, Yann (September 2014). Rapport relatif à la Fédération française de natation (PDF) (Report). Ministère de la Ville, de la Jeunesse et des Sports – Inspection générale de la jeunesse et des sports. p. 19. 2014-M-23. Retrieved 14 September 2023.
  74. ^ "Le Club". sfoc.fr (in French). Retrieved April 2, 2023.
  75. ^ "IV – Meeting Arena" (PDF). Comunicado. No. 5. Federação Portuguesa de Natação. 18 February 1981. p. 2.
  76. ^ "Meeting Diana 84 (2ème Meeting international d'hiver Diana Sport – 11ème Meeting international de la F.F.N." (PDF) (Press release). Férération française de natation. February 1984. Retrieved April 2, 2023.
  77. ^ Thierry P. (22 June 2014). "Laure Manaudou lance sa collection de maillot de bain et offre des invitations à son défilé". lapromessedunstyle.fr (in French). Retrieved April 2, 2023.
  78. ^ Javary, Christelle, ed. (1996). "Du Chateau (Stéphane), ingénieur et architecte français (1908)". Dictionnaire des inventeurs et inventions (in French). Larousse Bordas. p. 309. ISBN 2037500157.
  79. ^ Chaljub, Bénédicte (1 March 2011). "Piscines Tournesol". Architecture Mouvement Continuité. Groupe Moniteur. Retrieved May 29, 2023.
  80. ^ Caroux, Hélène; Charpin, Philippe (2003). "Stade nautique Auguste Delaume". seinesaintdenis.de (in French). Retrieved May 29, 2023.
  81. ^ Emery, Marc; Goulet, Patrick (1983). Guide architecture en France 1945–1983 (in French). L'Architecture d'aujourd'hui, Groupe L'Expansion. p. 77. ISBN 2904833005.
  82. ^ Fillault, Jean-Pierre (22 May 2020). "Souvenir des dojos de Boulogne". aiki-adventure.com (in French). Retrieved May 29, 2023.
  83. ^ "La piscine va fermer de cinq à neuf mois pour travaux". Le Parisien (in French). 14 November 2009. Retrieved April 2, 2023.
  84. ^ "Restructuration de la piscine/patinoire – Boulogne-Billancourt (92)" (PDF) (Press release). Châteauneuf-sur-Loire: Baudin Chateauneuf. Retrieved April 2, 2023.
  85. ^ City of Boulogne-Billancourt (2014). "Concession de services pour l'exploitation de la piscine et de la patinoire municipales de la ville de Boulogne-Billancourt". tourisme-espaces.com (in French). Retrieved May 29, 2023.
  86. ^ Rapport d'observations définitives et sa réponse – Commune de Boulogne-Billancourt (92) : Gestion de la piscine municipale cahier n°2 (PDF) (Report). Chambre régionale des comptes d'Île de France. pp. 14 December 2016. Retrieved 25 September 2023.
  87. ^ "Restructuration et Extension – Piscine de Boulogne-Billancourt". tna.fr (in French). TNA Architectes. Retrieved May 29, 2023.
  88. ^ O.B. (27 August 2003). "La piscine dans trois mois". Le Parisen (in French). Retrieved April 2, 2023.
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is available under Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.