PKS 1502+036

PKS 1502+036
SDSS image of PKS 1502+036
Observation data (J2000.0 epoch)
ConstellationVirgo
Right ascension15h 05m 06.47s[1]
Declination+03° 26′ 30.81″[1]
Redshift0.408269[1]
Heliocentric radial velocity122,396 km/s[1]
Distance4.489 Gly
Apparent magnitude (V)18.62
Characteristics
TypeFSRQ NLSy1[1]
Size~216,000 ly (66.3 kpc) (estimated)[1]
Notable featuresNarrow-line Seyfert galaxy
Other designations
2MASS J15050647+0326308, NVSS J150506+0326030, IERS B1502+036, SDSS J1505+0326, PGC 3429114

PKS 1502+036 is a narrow-line Seyfert galaxy[2] located in the constellation of Virgo. The redshift of the object has been estimated as (z) 0.408[1] and it was first discovered as a quasar with a flat radio spectrum by astronomers in 1997.[3] It is described as radio-loud.[2][4][5]

Description

PKS 1502+036 is shown to be a gamma-ray emitting object,[6] with one powerful flare displayed in late 2015 after a long period of low-activity with a measured low flux of 4.5×10−8 photon cm−2 s−1.[7][8] By the time the flare reached a daily peak flux on December 20, 2015, the source had an estimated flux of (237±71)×10−8 photon cm−2 s−1 on a three-hour timescale which in turn, corresponds to a measured isotropic luminosity of (7.3±2.1)×1047 erg s−1. No signs of spectral changes were accompanying the flare, although an increase in optical, ultraviolet and X-ray activity was noted for the object.[7] During intra-night optical monitoring, the source displayed short-term optical variability between April 21 and May 11, 2018, with a brightness change of 0.1 magnitude.[9]

The source of PKS 1502+036 is classified as compact double. When imaged with Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA) at 15 GHz, it has an extended radio structure indicative of a core-jet morphology, with radio emission being dominated by a compact radio core that is shown having low fractional polarization and a weak jet-like feature extending out by three milliarcseconds.[10][11] A weak component with a separation of 3.05 milliarcseconds from its core, appears present in the source which was found undetected through previous observations.[12] The radio spectrum of the source is classified as inverted.[13]

Near-infrared imaging obtained by Very Large Telescope, found PKS 1502+036 is an elliptical galaxy based on its surface brightness profile described by a combination of bulge and a nuclear component modelling. There is also a presence of an extended structure in a form of bright spots with position angles between 270 and 370 degrees indicative of galaxy mergers. On the other side of the galaxy center, a more dim extended bar-like structure is seen going from east-southeast to north direction. The supermassive black hole mass for the galaxy has been estimated as7×108 Mʘ based on its near-infrared bulge luminosity.[14] There is a close companion near the galaxy, however it isn't interacting with it.[15][16]

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g "NED Search results for PKS 1502+036". NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database. Retrieved 2025-09-06.
  2. ^ a b Paliya, Vaidehi S.; Stalin, C. S. (2016-03-17). "The First Gev Outburst of the Radio-Loud Narrow-Line Seyfert 1 Galaxy PKS 1502+036". The Astrophysical Journal. 820 (1): 52. arXiv:1603.01543. Bibcode:2016ApJ...820...52P. doi:10.3847/0004-637x/820/1/52. ISSN 0004-637X.
  3. ^ Dallacasa, D.; Bondi, M.; Alef, W.; Mantovani, F. (1998-04-01). "European VLBI Network dual frequency observations of CSS–GPS candidates" (PDF). Astronomy and Astrophysics Supplement Series. 129 (2): 219–236. Bibcode:1998A&AS..129..219D. doi:10.1051/aas:1998183. ISSN 0365-0138.
  4. ^ D'Ammando, Filippo (December 2015). "Swift follow-up of the flaring NLSy1 PKS 1502+036". The Astronomer's Telegram. 8450: 1. Bibcode:2015ATel.8450....1D.
  5. ^ D'Ammando, Filippo; Ciprini, Stefano (December 2015). "Fermi LAT detection of increasing gamma-ray emission from the radio-loud NLSy1 PKS 1502+036". The Astronomer's Telegram. 8447: 1. Bibcode:2015ATel.8447....1D.
  6. ^ Paliya, Vaidehi S.; Stalin, C. S.; Shukla, Amit; Sahayanathan, S. (May 2013). "The Nature of γ-Ray Loud Narrow-line Seyfert I Galaxies PKS 1502+036 and PKS 2004-447". The Astrophysical Journal. 768 (1): 52. arXiv:1303.3443. Bibcode:2013ApJ...768...52P. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/768/1/52. ISSN 0004-637X.
  7. ^ a b D'Ammando, F.; Orienti, M.; Finke, J.; Hovatta, T.; Giroletti, M.; Max-Moerbeck, W.; Pearson, T. J.; Readhead, A. C. S.; Reeves, R. A.; Richards, J. L. (2016-12-21). "The awakening of the γ-ray narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxy PKS 1502+036". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 463 (4): 4469–4480. arXiv:1609.04845. doi:10.1093/mnras/stw2325. ISSN 0035-8711.
  8. ^ Paliya, Vaidehi S.; Stalin, C. S.; Ravikumar, C. D. (2015-01-07). "FERMI MONITORING OF RADIO-LOUD NARROW-LINE SEYFERT 1 GALAXIES". The Astronomical Journal. 149 (2): 41. arXiv:1410.0755. Bibcode:2015AJ....149...41P. doi:10.1088/0004-6256/149/2/41. ISSN 1538-3881.
  9. ^ Ojha, Vineet; Krishna, Gopal; Chand, Hum (2018-12-03). "Intra-night optical monitoring of three γ-ray detected narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxies". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 483 (3): 3036–3047. arXiv:1811.10555. doi:10.1093/mnras/sty3288. ISSN 0035-8711.
  10. ^ D'Ammando, F.; Orienti, M.; Doi, A.; Giroletti, M.; Dallacasa, D.; Hovatta, T.; Drake, A. J.; Max-Moerbeck, W.; Readhead, A. C. S.; Richards, J. L. (August 2013). "The ordinary life of the γ-ray emitting narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxy PKS 1502+036". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 433 (2): 952–961. arXiv:1305.0572. doi:10.1093/mnras/stt778. ISSN 0035-8711.
  11. ^ Takamura, Mieko; Hada, Kazuhiro; Honma, Mareki; Oyama, Tomoaki; Yamauchi, Aya; Suzuki, Syunsaku; Hagiwara, Yoshiaki; Orienti, Monica; D’Ammando, Filippo; Park, Jongho; Kam, Minchul; Doi, Akihiro (2023-07-01). "Probing the Heart of Active Narrow-line Seyfert 1 Galaxies with VERA Wideband Polarimetry". The Astrophysical Journal. 952 (1): 47. arXiv:2306.03139. Bibcode:2023ApJ...952...47T. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/acd9a8. ISSN 0004-637X.
  12. ^ Orienti, M.; D'Ammando, F.; Giroletti, M. (2012-05-02), High resolution radio observations of gamma-ray emitting Narrow-Line Seyfert 1s, arXiv:1205.0402
  13. ^ Komossa, S; Xu, D W; Wagner, A Y (2018-07-11). "Extreme gaseous outflows in radio-loud narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxies". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 477 (4): 5115–5126. arXiv:1807.10526. doi:10.1093/mnras/sty901. ISSN 0035-8711.
  14. ^ D’Ammando, F; Acosta-Pulido, J A; Capetti, A; Baldi, R D; Orienti, M; Raiteri, C M; Ramos Almeida, C (2018-04-26). "The host galaxy of the γ-ray-emitting narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxy PKS 1502+036". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society: Letters. 478 (1): L66 – L71. arXiv:1804.10220. doi:10.1093/mnrasl/sly072. ISSN 1745-3925.
  15. ^ Yao, Su; Komossa, S (2023-05-12). "Multiwavelength variability of γ-ray emitting narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxies". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 523 (1): 441–452. arXiv:2305.17645. doi:10.1093/mnras/stad1415. ISSN 0035-8711.
  16. ^ Olguín-Iglesias, Alejandro; Kotilainen, Jari; Chavushyan, Vahram (February 2020). "The disc-like host galaxies of radio-loud narrow-line Seyfert 1s". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 492 (1): 1450–1464. arXiv:1912.02746. doi:10.1093/mnras/stz3549. ISSN 0035-8711.
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