Metrosideros stipularis

Tepú
Tepú in flower
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Myrtales
Family: Myrtaceae
Genus: Metrosideros
Species:
M. stipularis
Binomial name
Metrosideros stipularis
Synonyms[1]
  • Myrtus stipularis Hook. & Arn.
  • Nania stipularis (Hook. & Arn.) Kuntze
  • Tepualia patagonica Phil.
  • Tepualia philippiana Griseb.
  • Tepualia philippii Griseb. ex Phil.
  • Tepualia stipularis (Hook. & Arn.) Griseb.
  • Tepualia stipularis var. patagonica (Phil.) Reiche
  • Tepualia stipularis var. philippiana (Griseb.) Speg.

Metrosideros stipularis is a species of the myrtle family commonly known as tepú, trepú, or tepual. It is an evergreen tree or shrub that attains heights of about four to five metres.[2] The plant is native to southern South America in the southern portions of Chile and Argentina and is a typical resident of very wet areas, especially in swamps[3] and peat bogs and with gleyic soil horizons.[4][5] Tepú has white flowers that emerge during the austral summer from December through April, but more commonly from Frebruary to March.[6] The species is shade tolerant and grows merkedly slowly, less than 1 mm per year.[4] Mature tepú forest or tepuales have high basal areas when compared with other types of humid forests.[7] Tepú trees tend to grow horizontally and Tepú forest tend have high biomass contents.[3]

In some localities it grows together with Fitzroya cupressoides or with Pilgerodendron uviferum.[3] The tepu is most abundant in the Chilean provinces of Chiloé, Llanquihue and Palena.[3]

The tree's wood is hard and used within its range as a firewood due to it high energy content.[4][8] It is commonly recommended to use its firewood mixed with wood from other species given its excessive heat content that is said to be able to break kitchen stoves.[4]

This species has often been placed in its own genus Tepualia, but recent works include it in Metrosideros.[9][10]

References

  1. ^ "Metrosideros stipularis (Hook. & Arn.) Hook.f." Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 23 April 2025.
  2. ^ Donoso 2007, p. 591.
  3. ^ a b c d Bannister 2018, p. 11.
  4. ^ a b c d Donoso 2007, p. 592.
  5. ^ Bannister 2018, p. 34.
  6. ^ Bannister 2018, p. 25.
  7. ^ Bannister 2018, p. 33.
  8. ^ Hoffmann, A. (1982). Flora silvestre de Chile zona araucana (in Spanish) (4th ed.). Santiago, Chile: Ediciones Fundación Claudio Gay. p. 258.
  9. ^ Pillon, Yohan; Lucas, Eve; Johansen, Jennifer B.; Sakishima, Tomoko; Hall, Brian; Geib, Scott M.; Stacy, Elizabeth A. (2015). "An Expanded Metrosideros (Myrtaceae) to Include Carpolepis and Tepualia Based on Nuclear Genes" (PDF). Systematic Botany. 40 (3): 782–790. Bibcode:2015SysBo..40..782P. doi:10.1600/036364415X689249. S2CID 85810341.
  10. ^ "WCSP". World Checklist of Selected Plant Families.
Bibliography
  • Bannister, Jan (2018). Tepuales: Tesoro de Chiloé y la Patagonia insular (in Spanish). Instituto Forestal.
  • Claudio, Donoso (2007). "Tepualia stipularis (Hook et Arn.) Griseb Tepú (=que azota)". In Donoso, Claudio (ed.). Las especies arbóreas de los bosques templados de Chile y Argentina. Autoecología (in Spanish). Valdivia, Chile: Marisa Cuneo, ediciones. pp. 591–592. ISBN 9567173273.
  • Media related to Metrosideros stipularis at Wikimedia Commons
  • Description and photos at Enciclopedia de la Flora Chilena (in Spanish)