Manganese production by country
Manganese is a chemical element with the symbol Mn and atomic number of 25. It is found as an oxide in nature (often in combination with iron) in many minerals, such as pyrolusite.[1] The free element is a metal with important industrial metal alloy uses. Manganese ions are variously colored, and are used industrially as pigments and as oxidation chemicals. Manganese (II) ions function as cofactors for a number of enzymes; the element is thus a required trace mineral for all known living organisms.
List of countries
This is a list of countries by manganese ore mining in 2022–24, based on United States Geological Survey.[2][3]
| Country | Production (tonnes) |
Reserves (tonnes) |
|---|---|---|
| World | 20,000,000 | 1,700,000,000 |
| South Africa | 7,400,000 | 560,000,000 |
| Gabon | 4,600,000 | 61,000,000 |
| Australia | 2,800,000 | 500,000,000 |
| Kazakhstan | 1,100,000 | – |
| Ukraine | 900,000 | – |
| Ghana | 820,000 | 13,000,000 |
| India | 800,000 | 34,000,000 |
| China | 770,000 | 280,000,000 |
| Brazil | 590,000 | 270,000,000 |
| Mexico | 574,665 | – |
| Myanmar | 518,000 | – |
| Malaysia | 410,000 | – |
| Ivory Coast | 360,000 | – |
| Georgia | 352,200 | – |
| Iran | 290,000 | – |
| Zambia | 158,675 | – |
| Vietnam | 146,000 | – |
| Turkey | 105,416 | – |
| Egypt | 90,000 | – |
| Morocco | 89,258 | – |
| Namibia | 23,269 | – |
| Romania | 18,000 | – |
| Oman | 13,500 | – |
| DR Congo | 5,000 | – |
| Peru | 2,600 | – |
| Colombia | 906 | – |
| Thailand | 660 | – |
| Bolivia | 420 | – |
Australia
Pilbara Manganese, a subsidiary of Consmin, operates the Woodie Woodie manganese mine[4]
Canada
In 1932 Hanson wrote the book on Manganese deposits of Canada.[5]
- The province of Nova Scotia has several occurrences and had economic mining activity from 1860 for 80 years. Most of the occurrences lie along the south shore of the Bay of Fundy, for example Manganese Mines.[6][7][8][9][10] An exception is the New Ross NS hard rock mine.[11]
- New Brunswick was mined for manganese during the 1800s, for example near Woodstock NB and Shepody, New Brunswick.[12][13]
South Africa
The Kalahari Manganese Field (KMF) located in the Northern Cape of South Africa is a source of manganese.[14]
- Hotazel Manganese Mines,[15] near Hotazel
- Khwara Manganese[14]
- Mokala Manganese[14]
- Tshipi Borwa Manganese Mine[14]
References
- ^ Pyrolusite. Merriam-Webster Dictionary. https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/pyrolusite
- ^ "Mineral Commodity Summaries 2025 - Manganese" (PDF). Retrieved 2025-09-18.
- ^ "World mineral statistics data". MineralsUK. Retrieved 2025-09-18.
- ^ "Woodie Woodie" (PDF). consmin.com. 2015. Retrieved 2024-06-04.
- ^ Hanson, G. (1932). Manganese Deposits of Canada (PDF). Ottawa: Geological Survey, Department of Mines.
- ^ "Manganese Mines | Not Your Grandfathers Mining Industry, Nova Scotia, Canada".
- ^ "New Ross | Not Your Grandfathers Mining Industry, Nova Scotia, Canada".
- ^ "Tennycape | Not Your Grandfathers Mining Industry, Nova Scotia, Canada".
- ^ "Loch Lomond | Not Your Grandfathers Mining Industry, Nova Scotia, Canada".
- ^ "Nicholsville | Not Your Grandfathers Mining Industry, Nova Scotia, Canada".
- ^ "From the Mineral Inventory Files – The New Ross Manganese Mines: Square Peg in a Round Hole" (PDF). novascotia.ca. 2005. Retrieved 2024-06-04.
- ^ "Manganese – Mineral Commodity Profile No. 1" (PDF). gnb.ca. Retrieved 2024-06-04.
- ^ "Shepody Mountain, Manganese mine". August 2013.
- ^ a b c d "Our assets - Ntsimbintle Holdings".
- ^ "Hotazel Complex". miningdataonline.com. Retrieved 2024-06-04.