Madison County, Missouri

Not to be confused with Madison, Missouri.

Madison County, Missouri
County
Madison County Courthouse in Fredericktown
Location within the U.S. state of Missouri
Coordinates: 37°29′N 90°20′W / 37.48°N 90.34°W / 37.48; -90.34
Country United States
State Missouri
FoundedDecember 14, 1818
Named afterJames Madison
SeatFredericktown
Largest cityFredericktown
Area
 • Total
498 sq mi (1,290 km2)
 • Land494 sq mi (1,280 km2)
 • Water3.2 sq mi (8.3 km2)  0.6%
Population
 (2020)
 • Total
12,626
 • Density25/sq mi (9.7/km2)
Time zoneUTC−6 (Central)
 • Summer (DST)UTC−5 (CDT)
Congressional district8th
Websitemadisoncountymo.us

Madison County is a county located in the Lead Belt region of the U.S. state of Missouri. As of the 2020 census, the population was 12,626.[1] Its county seat and largest city is Fredericktown.[2] The county was officially organized on December 14, 1818, and was named after President James Madison.[3] Mining has been a key industry in this area with Madison County recorded as having the oldest lead mine west of the Mississippi River. During the 1925 tri-state tornado, farm buildings were destroyed and livestock were killed.[4]

Geography

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 498 square miles (1,290 km2), of which 494 square miles (1,280 km2) is land and 3.2 square miles (8.3 km2) (0.6%) is water.[5]

Adjacent counties

Major highways

National protected area

Demographics

Historical population
CensusPop.Note%±
18202,047—
18302,37115.8%
18403,39543.2%
18506,00376.8%
18605,664−5.6%
18705,8493.3%
18808,87651.8%
18909,2684.4%
19009,9757.6%
191011,27313.0%
192010,721−4.9%
19309,418−12.2%
19409,6562.5%
195010,3807.5%
19609,366−9.8%
19708,641−7.7%
198010,72524.1%
199011,1273.7%
200011,8006.0%
201012,2263.6%
202012,6263.3%
U.S. Decennial Census[6]
1790-1960[7] 1900-1990[8]
1990-2000[9] 2010-2015[10]

2020 census

As of the 2020 census, the county had a population of 12,626 and a median age of 42.2 years. 22.8% of residents were under the age of 18 and 19.8% of residents were 65 years of age or older. For every 100 females there were 97.8 males, and for every 100 females age 18 and over there were 96.3 males age 18 and over.[12]

The racial makeup of the county was 92.0% White, 0.4% Black or African American, 0.5% American Indian and Alaska Native, 0.4% Asian, 0.0% Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander, 1.1% from some other race, and 5.6% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino residents of any race comprised 2.7% of the population.[13]

The following table details the county's racial and ethnic composition from that data set.[13]

Madison County, Missouri – Racial and ethnic composition
Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos may be of any race.
Race / Ethnicity (NH = Non-Hispanic) Pop 1980[14] Pop 1990[15] Pop 2000[16] Pop 2010[17] Pop 2020[18] % 1980 % 1990 % 2000 % 2010 % 2020
White alone (NH) 10,619 10,988 11,552 11,781 11,555 99.01% 98.75% 97.90% 96.36% 91.52%
Black or African American alone (NH) 5 10 15 32 54 0.05% 0.09% 0.13% 0.26% 0.43%
Native American or Alaska Native alone (NH) 14 32 29 34 49 0.13% 0.29% 0.25% 0.28% 0.39%
Asian alone (NH) 26 34 33 41 41 0.24% 0.31% 0.28% 0.34% 0.32%
Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander alone (NH) x [19] x [20] 0 1 0 x x 0.00% 0.01% 0.00%
Other race alone (NH) 14 1 12 3 22 0.13% 0.01% 0.10% 0.02% 0.17%
Mixed race or Multiracial (NH) x [21] x [22] 93 90 563 x x 0.79% 0.74% 4.46%
Hispanic or Latino (any race) 47 62 66 244 342 0.44% 0.56% 0.56% 2.00% 2.71%
Total 10,725 11,127 11,800 12,226 12,626 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%

39.5% of residents lived in urban areas, while 60.5% lived in rural areas.[23]

There were 5,024 households in the county, of which 29.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them and 25.0% had a female householder with no spouse or partner present. About 27.7% of all households were made up of individuals and 13.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.[12]

There were 5,832 housing units, of which 13.9% were vacant. Among occupied housing units, 71.2% were owner-occupied and 28.8% were renter-occupied. The homeowner vacancy rate was 1.8% and the rental vacancy rate was 7.8%.[12]

2000 census

As of the census[24] of 2000, there were 11,800 people, 4,711 households, and 3,330 families residing in the county. The population density was 24 people per square mile (9.3 people/km2). There were 5,656 housing units at an average density of 11 units per square mile (4.2/km2). The racial makeup of the county was 98.30% White, 0.13% Black or African American, 0.25% Native American, 0.29% Asian, 0.20% from other races, and 0.83% from two or more races. Approximately 0.56% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There were 4,711 households, out of which 31.20% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 57.40% were married couples living together, 10.10% had a female householder with no husband present, and 29.30% were non-families. 25.90% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.30% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.46 and the average family size was 2.93.

In the county, the population was spread out, with 24.60% under the age of 18, 7.90% from 18 to 24, 26.30% from 25 to 44, 23.30% from 45 to 64, and 18.00% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females there were 92.10 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 87.70 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $30,421, and the median income for a family was $37,474. Males had a median income of $27,670 versus $15,909 for females. The per capita income for the county was $15,825. About 12.80% of families and 17.20% of the population were below the poverty line, including 22.60% of those under age 18 and 16.20% of those age 65 or over.

Religion

According to the Association of Religion Data Archives County Membership Report (2000), Madison County is a part of the Bible Belt with evangelical Protestantism being the majority religion. The most predominant denominations among residents in Madison County who adhere to a religion are Southern Baptists (37.87%), Independent/Non-Charismatic Churches (17.42%), and National Association of Free Will Baptists (12.10%).

Education

Of adults 25 years of age and older in Madison County, 68.6% possesses a high school diploma while 7.8% holds a bachelor's degree as their highest educational attainment.

Public schools

  • Fredericktown R-I School District - Fredericktown
    • Fredericktown Elementary School (PK-02)
    • Fredericktown Intermediate School (03–05)
    • Fredericktown Middle School (06–08)
    • Fredericktown High School (09–12)
  • Marquand-Zion R-VI School District - Marquand
    • Marquand-Zion Elementary School (K-06)
    • Marquand-Zion High School (07–12)

Private schools

Public libraries

  • Fredericktown Branch Library[25]

Politics

Local

Both the Republican and Democratic parties split control of the local elected offices in Madison County.

Madison County, Missouri
Elected countywide officials
Assessor Sue Smallen Yount Republican
Circuit Clerk Tenia Hermann Republican
County Clerk Donal E. Firebaugh Democratic
Collector Debby Boone Republican
Commissioner
(presiding)		 Jason Green Republican
Commissioner
(district 1)		 Tom Stephens Republican
Commissioner
(district 2)		 Larry Kemp Republican
Coroner Collin Follis Democratic
Prosecuting Attorney M. Dwight Robbins Republican
Public Administrator Carol Lachance Republican
Recorder Saundra Ivison Republican
Sheriff Katy McCutcheon Democratic
Surveyor William Douglas McFarland Democratic
Treasurer Jessica Stevens Republican

State

All of Madison County is a part of Missouri's 145th District in the Missouri House of Representatives and is currently represented by Rick Francis (R-Perryville). The 156th District includes all of Bollinger and Madison counties as well as most of Perry County, Missouri.

Missouri House - District 145 - Madison County (2020)[26]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Republican Rick Francis 4,489 81.4
Democratic Mike Lindley 1,026 18.6

All of Madison County is a part of Missouri's 27th District in the Missouri Senate and is currently represented by State Senator Holly Rehder (R-Scott City). The 27th Senatorial District includes all of Bollinger, Cape Girardeau, Madison, Mississippi, Perry and Scott counties.

Missouri Senate - District 27 - Madison County (2008)
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Republican Jason Crowell 2,778 57.31
Democratic Linda Sanders 2,069 42.69
Missouri Senate - District 27 - Madison County (2020)[27]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Republican Holly Rehder 4,307 77.8
Democratic Donnie Owens 1,229 26.4
Past Gubernatorial Elections Results
Year Republican Democratic Third Parties
2024 81.22% 4,598 16.60% 940 2.18% 123
2020 77.09% 4,362 19.90% 1,126 3.01% 170
2016 64.16% 3,405 32.17% 1,707 3.67% 195
2012 46.95% 2,298 50.15% 2,455 2.90% 142
2008 43.13% 2,160 54.29% 2,719 2.58% 129
2004 57.86% 2,819 40.48% 1,972 1.66% 81
2000 50.50% 2,210 46.85% 2,050 2.65% 116
1996 36.82% 1,709 60.51% 2,809 2.67% 124
1992 45.62% 2,289 54.38% 2,728 0.00% 0
1988 63.41% 2,989 36.42% 1,717 0.17% 8
1984 58.94% 2,746 41.06% 1,913 0.00% 0
1980 58.00% 2,889 41.92% 2,088 0.08% 4
1976 50.34% 1,994 49.63% 1,966 0.00% 0

Federal

Madison County is included in Missouri's 8th Congressional District and is currently represented by Jason T. Smith (R-Salem) in the U.S. House of Representatives. Smith won a special election on Tuesday, June 4, 2013, to finish out the remaining term of U.S. Representative Jo Ann Emerson (R-Cape Girardeau). Emerson announced her resignation a month after being reelected with over 70 percent of the vote in the district. She resigned to become CEO of the National Rural Electric Cooperative.

U.S. House of Representatives - District 8 – Madison County (2012)
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Republican Jo Ann Emerson 3,655 74.65 +8.63
Democratic Jack Rushin 1,106 22.59 −6.72
Libertarian Rick Vandeven 135 2.76 +1.31
U.S. House of Representatives - District 8 - Special Election – Madison County (2013)
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Republican Jason T. Smith 608 59.84
Democratic Steve Hodges 323 31.79
Constitution Doug Enyart 43 4.23
Write-In Thomas Brown 29 2.85
Libertarian Bill Slantz 12 1.18
Write-In Wayne L. Byington 1 0.10
U.S. House of Representatives - District 8 – Madison County (2020)[28]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Republican Jason Smith (politician) 4,413 78.9
Democratic Kathy Ellis 1,085 19.4
Libertarian Tom Schmitz 95 1.7

Political culture

United States presidential election results for Madison County, Missouri[29]
Year Republican Democratic Third party(ies)
№  % №  % №  %
1888 685 36.59% 1,118 59.72% 69 3.69%
1892 635 36.45% 1,010 57.98% 97 5.57%
1896 780 38.09% 1,256 61.33% 12 0.59%
1900 881 42.75% 1,153 55.94% 27 1.31%
1904 1,106 49.33% 1,076 47.99% 60 2.68%
1908 1,248 47.29% 1,321 50.06% 70 2.65%
1912 827 37.59% 1,126 51.18% 247 11.23%
1916 1,230 47.84% 1,310 50.95% 31 1.21%
1920 2,023 52.19% 1,830 47.21% 23 0.59%
1924 1,569 48.06% 1,665 51.00% 31 0.95%
1928 2,165 62.02% 1,326 37.98% 0 0.00%
1932 1,428 37.70% 2,347 61.96% 13 0.34%
1936 2,013 46.36% 2,323 53.50% 6 0.14%
1940 2,495 50.87% 2,405 49.03% 5 0.10%
1944 2,277 50.74% 2,203 49.09% 8 0.18%
1948 2,086 45.36% 2,509 54.56% 4 0.09%
1952 2,676 52.98% 2,375 47.02% 0 0.00%
1956 2,763 54.79% 2,280 45.21% 0 0.00%
1960 2,960 61.23% 1,874 38.77% 0 0.00%
1964 1,756 39.25% 2,718 60.75% 0 0.00%
1968 2,164 50.33% 1,521 35.37% 615 14.30%
1972 2,837 66.16% 1,451 33.84% 0 0.00%
1976 1,739 43.59% 2,229 55.88% 21 0.53%
1980 2,618 53.02% 2,231 45.18% 89 1.80%
1984 2,808 60.13% 1,862 39.87% 0 0.00%
1988 2,528 53.75% 2,167 46.08% 8 0.17%
1992 1,673 32.92% 2,501 49.21% 908 17.87%
1996 1,595 34.21% 2,351 50.42% 717 15.38%
2000 2,460 56.25% 1,828 41.80% 85 1.94%
2004 2,905 59.07% 1,972 40.10% 41 0.83%
2008 2,897 57.62% 2,042 40.61% 89 1.77%
2012 3,227 65.46% 1,588 32.21% 115 2.33%
2016 4,102 77.09% 1,005 18.89% 214 4.02%
2020 4,584 80.76% 1,019 17.95% 73 1.29%
2024 4,721 82.06% 986 17.14% 46 0.80%

Missouri presidential preference primary (2008)

Main articles: 2008 Missouri Democratic presidential primary and 2008 Missouri Republican presidential primary

In the 2008 Missouri Presidential Preference Primary, voters in Madison County from both political parties supported candidates who finished in second place in the state at large and nationally.

Former U.S. Senator Hillary Clinton (D-New York) received more votes (a total of 971) in Madison County during the 2008 primaries than any candidate from either party.

Communities

Cities

Town

Villages

Census-designated places

Other unincorporated communities

See also

References

  1. ^ "Explore Census Data". data.census.gov. Retrieved January 14, 2022.
  2. ^ "Find a County". National Association of Counties. Retrieved June 7, 2011.
  3. ^ Eaton, David Wolfe (1916). How Missouri Counties, Towns and Streams Were Named. The State Historical Society of Missouri. pp. 192.
  4. ^ Mohundro, Mike (March 18, 2025). "100th Anniversary of the 1925 Tri-State Tornado, Deadliest Twister in US History". WSIL-TV. Retrieved June 30, 2025.
  5. ^ "2010 Census Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. August 22, 2012. Archived from the original on October 21, 2013. Retrieved November 16, 2014.
  6. ^ "U.S. Decennial Census". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved November 16, 2014.
  7. ^ "Historical Census Browser". University of Virginia Library. Retrieved November 16, 2014.
  8. ^ "Population of Counties by Decennial Census: 1900 to 1990". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved November 16, 2014.
  9. ^ "Census 2000 PHC-T-4. Ranking Tables for Counties: 1990 and 2000" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. Archived (PDF) from the original on March 27, 2010. Retrieved November 16, 2014.
  10. ^ "State & County QuickFacts". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on June 7, 2011. Retrieved September 10, 2013.
  11. ^ "Population and Housing Unit Estimates". Retrieved November 18, 2019.
  12. ^ a b c "2020 Decennial Census Demographic Profile (DP1)". United States Census Bureau. 2021. Retrieved December 17, 2025.
  13. ^ a b "2020 Decennial Census Redistricting Data (Public Law 94-171)". United States Census Bureau. 2021. Retrieved December 17, 2025.
  14. ^ "1980 Census of Population - General Social and Economic Characteristics - Missouri- Table 16 - Persons by Spanish Origin, Race, and Sex: 1980" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. p. 20-25.
  15. ^ "1990 Census of Population - General Population Characteristics - Missouri: Table 5 - Race and Hispanic Origin" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. p. 13-63.
  16. ^ "P004: Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2000: DEC Summary File 1 – Madison County, Missouri". United States Census Bureau.
  17. ^ "P2: Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2010: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) – Madison County, Missouri". United States Census Bureau.
  18. ^ "P2: Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2020: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) – Madison County, Missouri". United States Census Bureau.
  19. ^ included in the Asian category in the 1980 Census
  20. ^ included in the Asian category in the 1990 Census
  21. ^ not an option in the 1980 Census
  22. ^ not an option in the 1990 Census
  23. ^ "2020 Decennial Census Demographic and Housing Characteristics (DHC)". United States Census Bureau. 2023. Retrieved December 17, 2025.
  24. ^ "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved January 31, 2008.
  25. ^ Breeding, Marshall. "Fredericktown Branch Library". Libraries.org. Retrieved May 8, 2017.
  26. ^ "Missouri State House - District 145 Election Results | des Moines Register". The Des Moines Register.
  27. ^ "Missouri State Senate - District 27 Election Results | the Florida Times-Union".
  28. ^ "Missouri U.S. House - District 8 Election Results | des Moines Register". The Des Moines Register.
  29. ^ Leip, David. "Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections". uselectionatlas.org. Retrieved March 23, 2021.

37°29′N 90°20′W / 37.48°N 90.34°W / 37.48; -90.34

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