Lupulella

Lupulella
Temporal range: Pliocene - recent
Side-striped and black-backed jackals
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Carnivora
Family: Canidae
Subfamily: Caninae
Tribe: Canini
Subtribe: Canina
Genus: Lupulella
Hilzheimer, 1906
Type species
Canis mesomelas[1]
Schreber, 1775
Species
Lupulella range
  Lupulella adusta
  Lupulella mesomelas

Lupulella is a genus[2][3][4] of canine found in Africa.[5] This genus consists of only two extant species, the black-backed jackal (Lupulella mesomelas) and the side-striped jackal (Lupulella adusta).[4][2][3]

Taxonomy

The two species had previously been considered members of the genus Canis. In 2017, a taxonomic review recommended that these two species be recognised as genus Lupulella.[6] In response to this review, the American Society of Mammalogists recognised the new genus.[4]

In 2019, a workshop hosted by the IUCN/SSC Canid Specialist Group recommends that because DNA evidence shows the side-striped jackal (Canis adustus) and black-backed jackal (Canis mesomelas) to form a monophyletic lineage that sits outside of the Canis/Cuon/Lycaon clade, that they should be placed in a distinct genus, Lupulella (Hilzheimer, 1906) with the names Lupulella adusta and Lupulella mesomelas.[2]

Genus Lupulella Schreber, 1775 – two species
Common name Scientific name and subspecies Range Size and ecology IUCN status and estimated population
Side-striped jackal

Lupulella adusta
(Sundevall, 1847)

Seven subspecies
  • L. a. adusta
  • L. a. bweha
  • L. a. centralis
  • L. a. grayi
  • L. a. kaffensis
  • L. a. lateralis
  • L. a. notatus
central and southern Africa
Size:

Habitat:

Diet:
 LC 


Black-backed jackal

Lupulella mesomelas
(Schreber, 1775)

Two subspecies
  • Cape black-backed jackal, L. m. mesomelas
  • East African black-backed jackal, L. m. schmidti
eastern and southern Africa
Size:

Habitat:

Diet:
 LC 


Phylogeny

Cladogram based on genomic data:[7]

True dogs

References

  1. ^ Geraads, D. (March 2011). "A revision of the fossil Canidae (Mammalia) of north-western Africa". Palaeontology. 54 (2): 429–446. doi:10.1111/j.1475-4983.2011.01039.x.
  2. ^ a b c Alvares, Francisco; Bogdanowicz, Wieslaw; Campbell, Liz A.D.; Godinho, Rachel; Hatlauf, Jennifer; Jhala, Yadvendradev V.; Kitchener, Andrew C.; Koepfli, Klaus-Peter; Krofel, Miha; Moehlman, Patricia D.; Senn, Helen; Sillero-Zubiri, Claudio; Viranta, Suvi; Werhahn, Geraldine (2019). "Old World Canis spp. with taxonomic ambiguity: Workshop conclusions and recommendations. CIBIO. Vairão, Portugal, 28th - 30th May 2019" (PDF). IUCN/SSC Canid Specialist Group. Retrieved 6 March 2020.
  3. ^ a b Castelló, José R. (2018). "Ch2-Wolf-like Canids". Canids of the World: Wolves, Wild Dogs, Foxes, Jackals, Coyotes, and Their Relatives (Princeton Field Guides). Princeton University Press. pp. 160–165. ISBN 978-0-691-17685-7.
  4. ^ a b c "Mammal Diversity Database". American Society of Mammalogists. Retrieved 28 December 2020.
  5. ^ Hoffmann, M. (2014). "Canis adustus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2014 e.T3753A46254734. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2014-1.RLTS.T3753A46254734.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
  6. ^ Viranta, Suvi; Atickem, Anagaw; Werdelin, Lars; Stenseth, Nils Chr. (2017). "Rediscovering a forgotten canid species". BMC Zoology. 2. doi:10.1186/s40850-017-0015-0. hdl:10852/55258.
  7. ^ Lindblad-Toh, K.; Wade, C. M.; Mikkelsen, T. S.; Karlsson, E. K.; Jaffe, D. B.; Kamal, M.; Clamp, M.; Chang, J. L.; Kulbokas, E. J.; Zody, M. C.; Mauceli, E.; Xie, X.; Breen, M.; Wayne, R. K.; Ostrander, E. A.; Ponting, C. P.; Galibert, F.; Smith, D. R.; Dejong, P. J.; Kirkness, E.; Alvarez, P.; Biagi, T.; Brockman, W.; Butler, J.; Chin, C. W.; Cook, A.; Cuff, J.; Daly, M. J.; Decaprio, D.; Gnerre, S. (December 2005). "Genome sequence, comparative analysis and haplotype structure of the domestic dog". Nature. 438 (7069): 803–819. Bibcode:2005Natur.438..803L. doi:10.1038/nature04338. PMID 16341006.
  • Data related to Lupulella at Wikispecies