List of current reigning monarchs by length of reign

This is a list of reigning monarchs sorted by length of service.

This list includes monarchs who do not reign over entire nations, such as Muhammad V of Kelantan, but does not include former monarchs and pretenders, such as Simeon II of Bulgaria; ex officio monarchs such as the president of France and bishop of Urgell, who by virtue of their position are also the co-princes of Andorra; monarchs without physical territories such as the Prince and Grand Master of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta; constituent monarchs such as traditional African rulers; or monarchs whose position is unofficial, such as Tenzin Gyatso, 14th Dalai Lama.

Hassanal Bolkiah is the longest-reigning existing monarch, having been Sultan of Brunei since 5 October 1967.[1] He became the longest-reigning monarch upon the death of Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom on 8 September 2022.[2] Ntfombi, Queen Mother of Eswatini is the only female monarch in the world.[3]

List

Rank Monarch State Country Born Current age Acceded Years reigned
Reigns as of 24 December 2025 T 03:00 (UTC)
1 Hassanal Bolkiah Brunei 15 July 1946 79 years, 162 days 5 October 1967 58 years, 80 days
2 Sultan bin Mohamed Al-Qassimi III Sharjah United Arab Emirates 2 July 1939 86 years, 175 days 25 January 1972 53 years, 333 days
3 Carl XVI Gustaf Sweden 30 April 1946 79 years, 238 days 15 September 1973 52 years, 100 days
4 Hamad bin Mohammed Al Sharqi Fujairah United Arab Emirates 22 February 1949 76 years, 305 days 18 September 1974 51 years, 97 days
5 Humaid bin Rashid Al Nuaimi III Ajman 1 January 1931 94 years, 357 days 6 September 1981 44 years, 109 days
6 Ntfombi Eswatini[a] 27 December 1949 75 years, 362 days 10 August 1983 42 years, 136 days
7 Mswati III 19 April 1968 57 years, 249 days 25 April 1986 39 years, 243 days
8 Hans-Adam II Liechtenstein 14 February 1945 80 years, 313 days 13 November 1989 36 years, 41 days
9 Harald V Norway 21 February 1937 88 years, 306 days 17 January 1991 34 years, 341 days
10 Letsie III Lesotho 17 July 1963 62 years, 160 days 7 February 1996[b] 34 years, 26 days[b]
11 Mizan Zainal Abidin Terengganu Malaysia 22 January 1962 63 years, 336 days 15 May 1998 27 years, 223 days
12 Abdullah II Jordan 30 January 1962 63 years, 328 days 7 February 1999 26 years, 320 days
13 Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa Bahrain 28 January 1950 75 years, 330 days 6 March 1999 26 years, 293 days
14 Mohammed VI Morocco 21 August 1963 62 years, 125 days 23 July 1999 26 years, 154 days
15 Syed Sirajuddin Perlis Malaysia 17 May 1943 82 years, 221 days 17 April 2000 25 years, 251 days
16 Sharafuddin Idris Shah Selangor 24 December 1945 80 years, 0 days 22 November 2001 24 years, 32 days
17 Norodom Sihamoni Cambodia 14 May 1953 72 years, 224 days 14 October 2004 21 years, 71 days
18 Albert II Monaco 14 March 1958 67 years, 285 days 6 April 2005 20 years, 262 days
19 Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum Dubai United Arab Emirates 15 July 1949 76 years, 162 days 4 January 2006 19 years, 354 days
20 Jigme Khesar Namgyel Wangchuck Bhutan 21 February 1980 45 years, 306 days 9 December 2006 19 years, 15 days
21 Muhriz Negeri Sembilan Malaysia 14 January 1948 77 years, 344 days 29 December 2008 16 years, 360 days
22 Saud bin Rashid Al Mualla Umm al-Quwain United Arab Emirates 1 October 1952 73 years, 84 days 2 January 2009 16 years, 356 days
23 Ibrahim Iskandar Johor Malaysia[c] 22 November 1958 67 years, 32 days 23 January 2010 15 years, 335 days
24 Muhammad V Kelantan Malaysia 6 October 1969 56 years, 79 days 13 September 2010 15 years, 102 days
25 Saud bin Saqr Al Qasimi Ras al-Khaimah United Arab Emirates 10 February 1956 69 years, 317 days 27 October 2010 15 years, 58 days
26 Tupou VI Tonga 12 July 1959 66 years, 165 days 18 March 2012 13 years, 281 days
27 Willem-Alexander Netherlands 27 April 1967 58 years, 241 days 30 April 2013 12 years, 238 days
28 Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani Qatar 3 June 1980 45 years, 204 days 25 June 2013 12 years, 182 days
29 Philippe Belgium 15 April 1960 65 years, 253 days 21 July 2013 12 years, 156 days
30 Nazrin Muizzuddin Shah Perak Malaysia 27 November 1956 69 years, 27 days 29 May 2014 11 years, 209 days
31 Felipe VI Spain 30 January 1968 57 years, 328 days 19 June 2014 11 years, 188 days
32 Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud Saudi Arabia 31 December 1935 89 years, 358 days 23 January 2015 10 years, 335 days
33 Vajiralongkorn (Rama X) Thailand 28 July 1952 73 years, 149 days 13 October 2016 9 years, 72 days
34 Mahmud Sallehuddin Kedah Malaysia 30 April 1942 83 years, 238 days 11 September 2017 8 years, 104 days
35 Abdullah Sultan Ahmad Shah Pahang 30 July 1959 66 years, 147 days 15 January 2019 6 years, 343 days
36 Naruhito Japan 23 February 1960 65 years, 304 days 1 May 2019 6 years, 237 days
37 Haitham bin Tariq Al Said Oman 11 October 1954 71 years, 74 days 11 January 2020 5 years, 347 days
38 Mohamed bin Zayed Al Nahyan Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates 11 March 1961 64 years, 288 days 13 May 2022 3 years, 225 days
39 Charles III Antigua and Barbuda 14 November 1948 77 years, 40 days 8 September 2022 3 years, 107 days
Australia
The Bahamas
Belize
Canada
Grenada
Jamaica
New Zealand
Papua New Guinea
Saint Kitts and Nevis
Saint Lucia
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
Solomon Islands
Tuvalu
United Kingdom
40 Mishal Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah Kuwait 27 September 1940 85 years, 88 days 16 December 2023 2 years, 8 days
41 Frederik X Denmark 26 May 1968 57 years, 212 days 14 January 2024 1 year, 344 days
42 Leo XIV Vatican City 14 September 1955 70 years, 101 days 8 May 2025 230 days
43 Guillaume V Luxembourg 11 November 1981 44 years, 43 days 3 October 2025 82 days

See also

Notes

  1. ^ The monarchy of Eswatini is a diarchy jointly headed by the Ngwenyama and the Ndlovukati.
  2. ^ a b Letsie III first reigned during 12 November 1990 – 25 January 1995, was deposed, then returned to the throne on 7 February 1996. Length-of-reign calculation includes both tenures.
  3. ^ Ibrahim Iskandar is also the currently-reigning Yang di-Pertuan Agong, and has reigned for 1 year, 327 days (since 31 January 2024).

References

  1. ^ "Sultan of Brunei becomes world's longest-serving monarch after Elizabeth II's passing". Arab News. 2022-09-09. Retrieved 2022-09-25.
  2. ^ "Queen Elizabeth II has died". BBC News. 2022-09-08. Retrieved 2022-09-25.
  3. ^ "The Queen Regent was ousted today in an apparent... - UPI Archives". UPI. Retrieved 2025-12-23.
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