List of investigational acne drugs

This is a list of investigational acne drugs, or drugs that are currently under development for clinical use in the treatment of acne but are not yet approved.

Chemical/generic names are listed first, with developmental code names, synonyms, and brand names in parentheses. The format of list items is "Name (Synonyms) – Mechanism of Action [Reference]".

This list was last comprehensively updated in September 2025. It is likely to become outdated with time.

Under development

Phase 3

Phase 2/3

  • B-244 (AOB-101; AOB-102; AOB-103; AOB-201; AOB-202; AOB-203; B244; nitrosomonas eutropha D23) – bacteria replacement[5]

Phase 2

  • Acetylcysteine lysinate (L-lysine-N-acetyl-L-cysteinate; N-acetylcysteine lysinate; Nacystelyn) – antioxidant[6]
  • Aminolevulinic acid (ALA; BF-200 ALA) – photosensitizer[7]
  • Cannabidiol topical (CBD; BTX-1204; BTX-1308; BTX-1503; BTX-1702; BTX-1801; PBX-1308) – cannabinoid[8]
  • Dimethylcurcumin (ASCJ-9; AJ-101; ASC-J9) – androgen receptor degradation enhancer[9]
  • Imsidolimab (ANB-019) – monoclonal antibody against the interleukin-36 receptor[10]
  • Ivermectin topical (CD-5024; Soolantra) – non-mammalian chloride channel opener[11]
  • LYS-006 – leukotriene A4 hydrolase (LTA4H) inhibitor[12]
  • Methyl aminolevulinate (MAL; CD06809-41; Luxerm; MAL-PDT; Metvix; Metvixia; P-1202; Visonac) – photosensitizer[13]
  • NAI Acne (BI-Acne; BI-K-0376; CB-06-01; CB-06-04; NAI-003; NAI-Acne; VIC-acne) – peptide elongation factor Tu inhibitor[14]
  • Omiganan (CLS-001; CPI-226; MBI-226; MBI-594AN; MX-226; MX-594AN; Omigard) – antiseptic/antibacterial[15]
  • Pyrilutamide (EX-A5504; HY-145451; KX–826) – antiandrogen (androgen receptor antagonist)[16]
  • Tretinoin topical – retinoid (retinoic acid receptor agonist)[17]
  • VB-1953 – antibiotic and toll-like receptor antagonist[18]

Phase 1/2

Phase 1

  • AMTX-100 – transcription factor modulator[21]
  • ASC-60 (TVB-3567) – fatty acid synthetase complex inhibitor[22]
  • Trifarotene – retinoic acid receptor gamma (RAR-γ) agonist[23]

Preclinical

  • Acne vaccine – immunostimulant[24]
  • ADA-308 – antiandrogen (androgen receptor antagonist)[25]
  • Research programme: acne vulgaris therapeutics - Attillaps Pharmaceuticals – acetylcholinesterase inhibitors[26]

Research

  • Topical acne vulgaris therapeutic (novel compound 8) – undefined mechanism of action[27]

Not under development

No development reported

  • Adapalene/minocycline (FCD-105) – combination of adapalene (retinoid) and minocycline (tetracycline antibiotic)[28]
  • Auriclosene (AgaDerm; AgaNase; AL-46383A; CD-07223; DCDMT; NVC-422) – aganocide compound and antimicrobial[29]
  • Bermekimab (CA-18C3; CV-18C3; Hutruo; JNJ-77474462; MAB-p1; RA-18C3; T2-18C3; Xilonix) – monoclonal antibody against interleukin-1α[30]
  • BOS-356 (GSK-3008356) – diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase inhibitor[31]
  • Brilacidin (PMX-30063) – host defense protein (HDP) mimetic antibiotic[32]
  • Carbamide peroxide topical (E-0301) – disinfectant and bleaching agent[33]
  • CJM-112 – IL17A and IL17F inhibitor[34]
  • Clindamycin/tretinoin – combination of clindamycin (lincosamide antibiotic) and tretinoin (retinoid)[35]
  • Clindamycin/tretinoin – combination of clindamycin (lincosamide antibiotic) and tretinoin (retinoid)[36]
  • DMT-200 (DMT-210; DMT-220; SIG-990) – isoprenylcysteine analogue and various actions[37]
  • Estradiol valerate/dienogest (Climodien; Climodiène; Klimodien; Lafamme) – combination of estradiol valerate (estrogen) and dienogest (progestogen)[38]
  • Ethinylestradiol/chlormadinone acetate (Balianca; Belara; GRT4248) – combination of ethinylestradiol (estrogen) and chlormadinone acetate (progestogen) and a combined oral contraceptive[39]
  • Ethinylestradiol/drospirenone (Petibelle; SH-470; Yasmin; ZK-30595) – combination of ethinylestradiol (estrogen) and drospirenone (progestogen)[40]
  • GSK-1940029 – stearoyl-CoA desaturase inhibitor[41]
  • GT-20029 (AR-PROTAC) – androgen receptor degradation enhancer[42]
  • IP10-C8 – CD13 antigen inhibitor and dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) inhibitor[43]
  • Minocycline extended release (Emrosi; Ximino) – tetracycline antibiotic[44]
  • Minocycline topical (HY01) – tetracycline antibiotic[45]
  • MTC-896 – melanocortin receptor antagonist[46]
  • Nitric oxide (Enovid; FabiSpray; NORS-0791; NORS-1002; NORS-2791; NORS-4002; NORS-6491; NORS) – nitric oxide donor[47]
  • ORG-101 (acne vulgaris vaccine; ORI-001; ORI-A-ce001) – immunostimulant, vaccine[48]
  • Radezolid (RX-01667; Rx-01_667; RX-103; RX-1741) – oxazolidone antibiotic[49]
  • Research programme: antimicrobial therapies - NovaBiotics – cell membrane permeability enhancers[50]
  • Research programme: synthetic cannabinoid therapeutics - Claritas Pharmaceuticals – cannabinoids (cannabinoid receptor modulators)[51]
  • Research programme: therapeutic antibody fragments - Kuur Therapeutics – various actions[52]
  • Silver dihydrogen citrate (SDC; Axenohl) – antiseptic/antibacterial[53]
  • Tazarotene topical (DFD-03) – retinoid X receptor agonist[54]

Discontinued

  • Acebilustat (CTX-4430; EP-501) – leukotriene A4 (LTA4H) hydrolase inhibitor[55]
  • Afamelanotide (CUV-1647; EPT-1647; Melanotan I; Melanotan; Prenumbra; Scenesse) – melanocortin receptor agonist[56]
  • BBI-3000 – retinoid X receptor agonist[57]
  • BMX-010 (MnTE-2-PyP) – reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger and radioprotector[58]
  • Botulinum toxin A liquid (AI-09) – acetylcholine release inhibitor and neuromuscular blocking agent[59]
  • Botulinum toxin A topical (ANT-1207) – acetylcholine release inhibitor and neuromuscular blocking agent[60]
  • Cioteronel (CPC-10997; Cyoctol; X-Andron) – antiandrogen (androgen receptor antagonist)[61]
  • Diroleuton (DGLA; DHLA; DS-107; RO-12-1989) – omega-6 fatty acid and anti-inflammatory[62]
  • DMVT-503 (RVT-503) – undefined mechanism of action[63]
  • DX-0385 – retinoic acid metabolism modulator[64]
  • Encapsulated tretinoin cream – retinoid (retinoic acid receptor agonist)[65]
  • Epristeride (Aipuliete; ONO-9302; SKF-105657) – 5α-reductase inhibitor[66]
  • Falecalcitriol (DSC-103; F6VD3; flocalcitriol; Fulstan; hexafluorocalcitriol; hexafluorovitamin D3; Hornel; SM-8000; ST-630) – vitamin D/calcitriol analogue[67]
  • Gevokizumab (S-78989; VPM-087; XMA-005.2) – monoclonal antibody against interleukin-1β[68]
  • Hypochlorous acid (PR-013; PR-022) – disinfectant and other actions[69]
  • Imsidolimab (ANB-019) – monoclonal antibody against the interleukin-36 receptor[70]
  • Incyclinide (chemically modified tetracycline 3; CMT-3; COL-3; Metastat) – chemically modified tetracycline and matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor (no antibiotic activity)[71]
  • Ingenol disoxate (LEO-43204) – undefined mechanism of action[72]
  • JNJ-10229570 – melanocortin MC5 receptor antagonist[73]
  • MDI-301 – undefined mechanism of action[74]
  • MK-434 (MK-0434) – 5α-reductase inhibitor[75]
  • MTCH-24 (Zilex; Zorex) – undefined mechanism of action[76]
  • PF-06423264 – acetyl-CoA carboxylase inhibitor[77]
  • PSK-3841 (HMR-3841; RU-58841) – antiandrogen (androgen receptor antagonist)[78]
  • Research programme: acne therapeutics - Praxis – undefined mechanism of action[79]
  • Research programme: tetracycline derivatives - Paratek Pharmaceuticals (P-004292) – tetracycline derivatives[80]
  • Rose bengal sodium (PH-10; Provecta; PV-10; rose bengal; Xantryl) – immunomodulator and other actions[81]
  • Santalum album ointment (albuterpenoid; East Indian sandalwood oil) – undefined mechanism of action[82]
  • Talarozole (R115866; Rambazole) – retinoic acid metabolism modulator[83]
  • Thykamine (PCT-233; PUR-0110) – undefined mechanism of action (anti-inflammatory)[84]
  • Valproic acid topical (Avugane; Baceca; G2M-777) – histone deacetylase inhibitor and other actions[85]
  • XEN-801 (XEN801) – stearoyl-CoA desaturase inhibitor[86]
  • XOMA-629 (XMP-629) – endotoxin inhibitor[87]
  • Zileuton (A-64077; Abbott-64077; ABT-077; CRTX-073; CTI-02; Zyflo) – 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor[88]

Not under development

Clinically used drugs

Approved drugs

Single-drug formulations

  • Adapalene (CD-271; Differin) – retinoid (retinoic acid receptor agonist)[90]
  • Azelaic acid (BAY39-6251; Finacea; Skinoren) – undefined mechanism of action[91]
  • Benzoyl peroxide (Bepio; M6050; M605101) – undefined mechanism of action[92]
  • Clascoterone (Breezula; Winlevi; CB-03-01; cortexolone 17α-propionate) – antiandrogen (androgen receptor antagonist)[93]
  • Clindamycin (ResiDerm A; Zindaclin) – lincosamide antibiotic[94]
  • Dapsone topical (Aczone; Atrisone) – sulfone antibiotic[95]
  • Doxycycline hyclate (Acticlate; Monodox; AQ101) – tetracycline antibiotic[96]
  • Isotretinoin (Absorica; Accutane; CIP-isotretinoin; Epuris; Lisacne-CIP) – retinoid (retinoic acid receptor agonist)[97]
  • Minocycline (DFD-10; DFD-29; Emrosi; Minolira) – tetracycline antibiotic[98]
  • Minocycline foam (Amzeeq; FMX-102; FMX-103; FMX-101; FXFM-244; Zilxi) – tetracycline antibiotic[99]
  • Nadifloxacin topical – fluoroquinolone antibiotic[100]
  • Ozenoxacin (Dubine; GF-001001-00; M-5120; M-512101; M-512102; Ozadub; Ozanex; T-3912; Xepi; Zebiax) – quinolone antibiotic[101]
  • Sarecycline (Seysara; P-0005672; WC-3035) – narrow-spectrum tetracycline antibiotic[102]
  • Solubilised benzoyl peroxide (CLENZIderm M.D.; SoluCLENZ Rx Gel) – undefined mechanism of action[103]
  • Tazarotene topical (AGN-190299; Avage; Fabior; Suretin; Tazorac; Zorac) – retinoid (retinoic acid receptor agonist)[104]
  • Tretinoin (Acnisdin Retinoico; All-trans retinoic acid; Arotinoid; Avita; Dermojuventus; Loderm Retinoico; NSC 122758; Retinoic acid; Retirides; Vesanoid; Vitamin A acid; Vitamin-A Acid; Vitanol) – retinoid (retinoic acid receptor agonist)[105]
  • Tretinoin lotion (Altreno; IDP-121) – retinoid (retinoic acid receptor agonist)[106]
  • Trifarotene (Aklief; CD-5789) – retinoid acid receptor gamma (RAR-γ) agonist[107]

Combination formulations

Off-label drugs

See also

References

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