Joseph Civello

Joseph Francis Civello (February 3, 1902 – January 17, 1970) was an American mobster and the leader of the Dallas crime family from 1956 until his death in 1970.

Early life

Civello was born in Baton Rouge, Louisiana.[1] He had moved to Dallas as early as July 1928 when he was arrested for the murder of Joe DeCarlo at the St. Paul Drug Store in Dallas. Reportedly, DeCarlo's dying words were that the close-range shotgun blast to his abdomen was accidental. Based on this information, a grand jury did not issue an indictment against Civello.[2] Civello was an expert marksman and regularly participated in skeet shooting competitions as a longtime member of the Dallas Gun and Skeet Club.[3]

By the early 1930s, Civello had organized a crew (dubbed The Civello Gang by the Dallas Morning News)[4] which included cousins Sam Civello, Louis Civello, Leon Civello, Frank Ianni, and Joe Cascio, among others.[5] The gang operated as associates of Dallas' Piranio crime family, and was involved primarily with bootlegging and narcotics trafficking.

The Civello gang's main rival during this time was a Jewish gang headed by Nathan Biegler. In 1935, when Biegler was sentenced to 10 years in Leavenworth Federal Penitentiary, another Jewish gangster, Louis "Big Daddy" Ginsberg, came to Dallas from Chicago to reorganize the remnants of Biegler's gang. Both the Civello Gang and the Ginsberg Gang were heavily involved in the sale and distribution of morphine and heroin. The Civellos collaborated almost exclusively with associates of Charles "Lucky" Luciano of New York City, while the Ginsbergs' drugs came from mobsters in Chicago.

In January 1937, after a two-year undercover investigation, federal agents seized more than $150,000 of drugs and arrested members of both the Civello and Ginsberg gangs. It was called the biggest narcotics bust in Bureau of Narcotics history. Ginsberg was sentenced to 50 years in federal prison which, at the time, was the longest sentence ever given for a drug crime in the United States.[6] He served six years in Fort Leavenworth before being released in 1944.[7]

Criminal career

After his release, Civello resumed his organized criminal activities in Dallas and quickly moved up within the Piranio family ranks. From its beginning, the Piranio crime family was a traditional mafia organization, taking care to avoid unnecessary attention from the press and law enforcement. In fact, when family boss Joseph Piranio died at age 78, his obituary described him as a successful retired building contractor and family man; no mention was made of any involvement in the underworld.[8] The low-key nature of the Dallas mob quickly changed once Civello assumed the reins as boss upon Piranio's death in 1956.

Civello, now the head of Marcello's operation in Dallas, represented him at the infamous Apalachin Meeting. This was an unprecedented mafia summit attended by an estimated 100 mafiosi.[9] Marcello was angry that the Genovese crime family had attempted to kill Frank Costello that year, so he sent Civello instead of personally attending.[10] In 1959 Civello was convicted of a "conspiracy" charge owing to his attendance at the meeting, this was later overturned after an appeal by the lawyer Percy Foreman in 1960.[11]

Despite his attendance at the Apalachin meeting, a report filed in February 1962 by the FBI's Dallas field office stated: "There is no evidence of illegal activity by Joseph Civello."[12]

In its 1963 hearings regarding the links between organized crime and narcotics trafficking, the United States Senate's Permanent Subcommittee on Investigations noted that Civello had criminal associates that included Rocco and Peter Pellegrino of New York City; Frank Torticelli, Biagio Angelica, Joe Ianni, and Joe Glaviano of Texas; and Nicholas Impastato, Joesph Filadro and Joseph DeLuca of Kansas City.[13] Frank Coppola transported narcotics to Civello in Dallas.[14] This was done by a trucking company owned by John Ormento of the Lucchese crime family.[15] He was also a close friend of James Lanza of the Lanza crime family in San Francisco.[16] In 1967 Civello was approached to arrange a meeting between Al Marshall and Nick Civella of the Kansas City crime family. Marshall sought Civella's support in purchasing the Riviera hotel and casino with a Teamsters fund loan.[17]

During hearings before the House Select Committee on Crime, Representative Sam Steiger asked Carlos Marcello if he recalled meeting Civello. Marcello replied only, "I've heard of him."[18]

In its investigation of the assassination of John F. Kennedy, the House Select Committee on Assassinations said that it recognized Jack Ruby's murder of Lee Harvey Oswald as a primary reason to suspect organized crime as possibly having involvement in the assassination.[19] In its investigation of Ruby to determine if he was involved in criminal activities and if that involvement was related to the killing of Oswald, the HSCA noted that Ruby was a "personal acquaintance" of Civello and that Civello was an associate of Marcello.[19] The Committee reported that "Oswald and Ruby showed a variety of relationships that may have matured into an assassination conspiracy" but that it "was unable firmly to identify the other gunman or the nature and extent" of a conspiracy involving organized crime.[19]

Final days

Civello's racketeering continued, as did his expansion into legitimate businesses. Judge Irving R. Kaufman called Civello a "high ranking criminal who cloaked himself with the facade of legitimate business."[20]

Civello died on January 17, 1970, in Dallas of natural causes. His obituary indicated no children, but listed a wife, a brother and five sisters as survivors.[21] Joe Campisi was appointed as his replacement in Marcello's outfit.[22] He was buried at Calvary Hill Cemetery in Dallas.

References

  1. ^ Deitche, Scott M. (2007). The Silent Don: The Criminal Underworld of Santo Trafficante Jr. Barricade Books. p. 157.
  2. ^ Dallas Morning News, Jul 28, 1928
  3. ^ Dallas Morning News, Feb 8, 1932
  4. ^ Dallas Morning News, Apr 3, 1937
  5. ^ Dallas Morning News, Mar 23, 1937
  6. ^ Dallas Morning News, Mar 7, 1937
  7. ^ Hortis, C. Alexander (2014). The Mob and the City: The Hidden History of How the Mafia Captured New York. Prometheus Books. p. 259.
  8. ^ Dallas Morning News, Oct 28, 1956
  9. ^ Fox, Stephen R. (1989). Blood and Power: Organized Crime in Twentieth-Century America. William Morrow & Co. p. 340.
  10. ^ Reppetto, Thomas A. (2006). Bringing Down the Mob: The War Against the American Mafia. Henry Holt & Co. p. 117.
  11. ^ Newton, Michael (2014). The Mafia at Apalachin, 1957. McFarland. p. 183.
  12. ^ "C. Summary". Appendix to Hearings before the Select Committee on Assassinations of the U.S. House of Representatives. Vol. IX, Staff and Consultant's Reports on Organized Crime. Washington, D.C.: United States Government Printing Office. March 1979. p. 60.
  13. ^ "Appendix". Organized Crime and Illicit Traffic in Narcotics: Hearings before the Permanent Subcommittee on Investigations of the Committee on Government Operations United States Senate. Washington, D.C.: United States Government Printing Office. 1963. p. 1098.
  14. ^ Deitche, Scott M. (2007). The Silent Don: The Criminal Underworld of Santo Trafficante Jr. Barricade Books. p. 164.
  15. ^ Valentine, Douglas (2006). The Strength Of The Wolf: The Secret History Of America's War On Drugs. Verso. p. 103 & 107.
  16. ^ Demaris, Ovid (1981). The Last Mafioso: The Treacherous World of Jimmy Fratianno. Bantam Books. p. 169.
  17. ^ Ouseley, William (2011). Mobsters in our Midst: The Kansas City Crime Family. Kansas City Star Books. p. 228.
  18. ^ "Statement of Carlos Marcello, New Orleans, LA., Organized Crime Figure; Accompanied by Jack Wasserman, Counsel". Organized Crime in Sports (Racing): Hearings before the Select Committee on Crime. Vol. 2 of 4. Washington, D.C.: United States Government Printing Office. 1973. p. 987.
  19. ^ a b c "I.C. The committee believes, on the basis of the evidence available to it, that President John F. Kennedy was probably assassinated as a result of a conspiracy. The committee was unable to identify the other gunmen or the extent of the conspiracy". Report of the Select Committee on Assassinations of the U.S. House of Representatives. Washington, D.C.: United States Government Printing Office. 1979. pp. 149, 171, 180.
  20. ^ Dallas Morning News, Jan 11, 1976
  21. ^ Dallas Morning News, Jan 19, 1970
  22. ^ Deitche, Scott M. (2004). Cigar City Mafia: A Complete History of the Tampa Underworld. Barricade Book. p. 180.
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