Indies Military Navy

Indies Military Navy
Indische Militaire Marine
Active1868 – 1930
CountryKingdom of the Netherlands
TypeNaval force
RoleEnforce Dutch authority in the Dutch East Indies

The Indies Military Navy[a] (Dutch: Indische Militaire Marine[b]; IMM) was a Dutch naval force that was permanently based in the Dutch East Indies.[3][1] It was established on 16 November 1866 and operated exclusively in the waters of the colony.[4][5] The navy consisted of fast small-sized warships with credible firepower that were used to enforce Dutch authority in the archipelago and to promote the general interests of the Dutch East Indies.[6][7][2] In 1930 the IMM was disbanded.[8]

History

The Indies Military Navy (Dutch:Indische Militaire Marine; IMM) was established by royal decree on 16 November 1866 by splitting the existing Dutch Squadron (Dutch: Nederlands Eskader) of the Royal Netherlands Navy (RNLN).[9] This led to most warships being transferred from the Dutch Squadron to the IMM, while the ships that remained became part of the newly formed Auxiliary Squadron (Dutch: Auxiliair Eskader).[10] Administratively the IMM was placed under the Department of the Navy in Batavia.[11] Its ships were also paid for by the Dutch East Indies government and permanently stationed in the colony.[12][13] The IMM became operational on 1 January 1868.[5][14]

Aceh War

At the start of the Aceh War in 1873 most of the ships of the IMM were in poor condition.[15]

Personnel

The personnel of the IMM consisted of both Europeans and native Indonesians, with the Europeans outnumbering the Indonesians.[16][17] While the European personnel came from the Royal Netherlands Navy, the native Indonesians were recruited and trained in the Dutch East Indies.[18]

Notes

  1. ^ Also known as East Indies Marine.[1]
  2. ^ Sometimes also called in Dutch: Indische oorlogsmarine.[2]

Citations

  1. ^ a b Gardiner, Robert; Gray, Randal, eds. (1985). Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1906–1921. London: Conway Maritime Press. p. 364. ISBN 0-85177-245-5.
  2. ^ a b Backer Dirks, Vol. I, p. 87.
  3. ^ van Dijk, Kees (2007). The Netherlands Indies and the Great War, 1914-1918. Leiden: KITLV Press. pp. 7–9. ISBN 978-90-6718-308-6.
  4. ^ Wijn (1998), pp. 25-26.
  5. ^ a b Teitler, van Dissel and à Campo (2005), p. 227.
  6. ^ Cohen Stuart, W.J. (1937). De Nederlandsche Zeemacht van 1889 tot 1915 (in Dutch). Vol. I: De Nederlandsche Zeemacht 1889-1903. The Hague: Algemeene Landsdrukkerij. p. 31.
  7. ^ Mollema, J.C. (1939). Geschiedenis van Nederland ter zee (in Dutch). Vol. I. Amsterdam: Uitgeversmaatschappij Joost van den Vondel. p. 339.
  8. ^ Manders et al (2022), p. 17.
  9. ^ Manders et al (2022), pp. 16-17.
  10. ^ Teitler, van Dissel and à Campo (2005), p. 227.
  11. ^ Backer Dirks, Vol. I, p. 86.
  12. ^ Snijders (1915), pp. 600-601.
  13. ^ Wijn (1998), p. 25.
  14. ^ Snijders (1915), p. 600.
  15. ^ J.A. Baart de la Faille (March 1882). "Over den "treurigen" toestand der Zeemacht in Ned. Indië bij den aanvang van den Atjeh-oorlog in Maart 1873" (PDF). Militaire Spectator (in Dutch).
  16. ^ Snijders (1915), p. 601.
  17. ^ Habbema, J.; Bosboom, H.D.H.; Visscher, B.J. (1920). Een boekje over onze Oost: Voor hen die er niet geweest zijn (in Dutch). The Hague: Boekdrukkerij v/h Firma T.C.B. ten Hagen. p. 39.
  18. ^ Koninklijke Nederlandsche Vereeniging "Onze Vloot" (1926). Het marinevraagstuk (in Dutch). The Hague. p. 19.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)

Bibliography

  • Backer Dirks, F.C. (1985). De Gouvernements marine in het voormalige Nederlands-Indië in haar verschillende tijdsperioden geschetst: 1861-1949 (in Dutch). Vol. I. Weesp: De Boer Maritiem. ISBN 90-228-1882-9.
  • Snijders, C.J.; Kooiman, J. (1915). De Nederlandsche strijdmacht en hare mobilisatie in het jaar 1914 (in Dutch). Arnhem: Herman de Ruiter.
  • Manders, M., A. van Dissel, W. Brouwers, M. Fink, J. Spoelstra, R. de Hoop, M. Heijink, A. Lemmers, A. Heitz, O. de Vroomen (2022). Wrakkentelling: Een kwantitatief onderzoek naar historische Nederlandse scheepswrakken in de wereld (PDF) (in Dutch). Amersfoort: Rijksdienst voor het Cultureel Erfgoed. ISBN 978-90-5799-348-0.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  • Teitler, G.; van Dissel, A.M.C.; à Campo, J.N.F.M. (2005). Zeeroof en zeeroofbestrijding in de Indische archipel (in Dutch). Amsterdam: De Bataafsche Leeuw. ISBN 90-6707-596-5.
  • Wijn, J.J.A. (1998). 'Tot in de verste uithoeken...': de cruciale rol van de Gouvernements Marine bij het vestigen van de Pax Neerlandica in de Indische Archipel 1815-1962 (in Dutch). Amsterdam: De Bataafsche Leeuw. ISBN 90-6707-434-9.
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