Hamburg state elections in the Weimar Republic
Elections in the Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg (Freie und Hansestadt Hamburg) to its state parliament, the Hamburgische Bürgerschaft, during the Weimar Republic were held at irregular intervals between 1919 and 1932. Results with regard to the percentage of the vote won and the number of seats allocated to each party are presented in the tables below.[1][2] On 31 March 1933, the sitting Bürgerschaft was dissolved by the Nazi-controlled central government and reconstituted to reflect the distribution of seats in the national Reichstag. The Bürgerschaft subsequently was formally abolished as a result of the "Law on the Reconstruction of the Reich" of 30 January 1934 which replaced the German federal system with a unitary state.[3]
1919
The 1919 Hamburg state election was held on 16 March 1919 to elect the 160 members of the Bürgerschaft.
| Party Abbreviation | % | seats |
|---|---|---|
| SPD | 50,5% | 82 |
| DDP | 20,5% | 33 |
| DVP | 8,6% | 13 |
| USPD | 8,1% | 13 |
| Hamburgischer Wirtschaftsbund | 4,2% | 7 |
| DNVP | 2,9% | 4 |
| Grundeigentümer Wahlbüro | 2,5% | 4 |
| Zentrum | 1,2% | 2 |
| Hamburgische Wirtschaftspartei | 0,4% | 1 |
| Vereinigte Bürgervereine der inneren Stadt | 0,4% | 1 |
1921
The 1921 Hamburg state election was held on 20 February 1921 to elect the 160 members of the Bürgerschaft.
| Party Abbreviation | % | seats |
|---|---|---|
| SPD | 40,6% | 67 |
| DDP | 14,1% | 23 |
| DVP | 13,9% | 23 |
| DNVP | 11,3% | 18 |
| KPD | 11,0% | 18 |
| Hamburgischer Wirtschaftsbund | 3,5% | 5 |
| Liste Dr. Eddelbüttel | 2,3% | 3 |
| USPD | 1,4% | 2 |
| Zentrum | 1,2% | 1 |
1924
| Party | Votes | % | Seats | +/– |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Social Democratic Party of Germany | 173,358 | 32.4 | 53 | –14 |
| German National People's Party | 90,626 | 17.0 | 28 | +10 |
| Communist Party of Germany | 78,522 | 14.7 | 24 | +6 |
| German People's Party | 74,834 | 14.0 | 23 | 0 |
| German Democratic Party | 70,622 | 13.2 | 21 | –2 |
| Völkischsozialer Block | 13,495 | 2.5 | 4 | New |
| Centre Party | 8,503 | 1.6 | 2 | +1 |
| Mieterverband Groß-Hamburg e.V. | 7,024 | 1.3 | 2 | New |
| Gewerbetreibende | 6,787 | 1.3 | 2 | New |
| Wohnungssuchende | 3,490 | 0.7 | 1 | New |
| Grundeigentümerliste »Carl E. A. Fehmerling« | 2,828 | 0.5 | 0 | New |
| Freiwirtschaftsbund F.F.F. | 2,295 | 0.4 | 0 | New |
| Independent Social Democratic Party of Germany | 1,588 | 0.3 | 0 | –2 |
| Volkswirtschaftsbund | 266 | 0.1 | 0 | New |
| Hanseatentum | 88 | 0.0 | 0 | New |
| Invalid/blank votes | 2,995 | – | – | – |
| Total | 537,321 | 100 | 160 | 0 |
| Registered voters/turnout | 813,396 | 66.1 | – | |
| Source: Elections in the Weimar Republic[2] | ||||
1927
The 1927 Hamburg state election was held on 9 October 1927 to elect the 160 members of the Bürgerschaft.
| Party | Votes | % | Seats | +/– |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Social Democratic Party of Germany | 247,469 | 38.2 | 63 | +10 |
| Communist Party of Germany | 110,239 | 17.0 | 27 | +3 |
| German National People's Party | 98,817 | 15.2 | 25 | –3 |
| German People's Party | 72,432 | 11.2 | 18 | –5 |
| German Democratic Party | 65,295 | 10.1 | 16 | –5 |
| Mittelstands-Partei | 27,163 | 4.2 | 6 | New |
| Centre Party | 9,774 | 1.5 | 2 | 0 |
| Nazi Party | 9,754 | 1.5 | 2 | New |
| Reich Party for Civil Rights and Deflation | 7,762 | 1.2 | 1 | New |
| Invalid/blank votes | 6,351 | – | – | – |
| Total | 655,056 | 100 | 160 | 0 |
| Registered voters/turnout | 871,707 | 75.2 | – | – |
| Source: Elections in the Weimar Republic[2] | ||||
1928
The 1928 Hamburg state election was held on 19 February 1928 to elect the 160 members of the Bürgerschaft.
| Party | Votes | % | Seats | +/– |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Social Democratic Party of Germany | 246,685 | 35.9 | 60 | –3 |
| Communist Party of Germany | 114,257 | 16.7 | 27 | 0 |
| German National People's Party | 94,048 | 13.7 | 22 | –3 |
| German Democratic Party | 87,553 | 12.8 | 21 | +5 |
| German People's Party | 85,507 | 12.5 | 20 | +2 |
| Mittelstands-Partei | 20,136 | 2.9 | 4 | –2 |
| Nazi Party | 14,760 | 2.2 | 3 | +1 |
| Centre Party | 9,402 | 1.4 | 2 | 0 |
| Reich Party for Civil Rights and Deflation | 5,609 | 0.8 | 1 | 0 |
| Angestellte und Beamte | 1,598 | 0.2 | 0 | New |
| Rechtspartei für Aufwertung und Recht | 1,331 | 0.2 | 0 | New |
| Freiwirtschaftliche Arbeitspartei | 1,038 | 0.2 | 0 | New |
| Internationale Kommunisten | 738 | 0.1 | 0 | New |
| Mieterschutz-Wohnungsnot | 714 | 0.1 | 0 | New |
| Deutsche Reformpartei | 713 | 0.1 | 0 | New |
| Independent Social Democratic Party of Germany | 706 | 0.1 | 0 | New |
| Völkischsozialer Block | 669 | 0.1 | 0 | New |
| Wohnungssuchende und Neubaumieter | 551 | 0.1 | 0 | New |
| Hermann Abel | 201 | 0.0 | 0 | New |
| Republikanische Partei Deutschlands | 114 | 0.0 | 0 | New |
| Invalid/blank votes | 5,636 | – | – | – |
| Total | 691,966 | 100 | 160 | 0 |
| Registered voters/turnout | 876,371 | 79.0 | – | – |
| Source: Elections in the Weimar Republic[2] | ||||
1931
The 1931 Hamburg state election was held on 27 September 1931 to elect the 160 members of the Bürgerschaft.
| Party | Votes | % | Seats | +/– |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Social Democratic Party of Germany | 214,553 | 27.8 | 46 | –14 |
| Nazi Party | 202,506 | 26.3 | 43 | +40 |
| Communist Party of Germany | 168,674 | 21.9 | 35 | +8 |
| German State Party | 67,105 | 8.7 | 14 | New |
| German National People's Party | 43,278 | 5.6 | 9 | –13 |
| German People's Party | 36,927 | 4.8 | 7 | –13 |
| Reich Party of the German Middle Class | 11,375 | 1.5 | 2 | New |
| Christian Social People's Service | 10,858 | 1.4 | 2 | New |
| Centre Party | 10,798 | 1.4 | 2 | 0 |
| Antikapitalistische Einheitsfront | 1,956 | 0.3 | 0 | New |
| Reich Party for Civil Rights and Deflation | 1,156 | 0.2 | 0 | –1 |
| Freiwirtschaftliche Partei Deutschlands | 987 | 0.1 | 0 | New |
| Notgemeinschaft bedrohter Existenzen | 510 | 0.1 | 0 | New |
| Independent Social Democratic Party of Germany | 484 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 |
| Communist Party of Germany (Opposition) | 315 | 0.0 | 0 | New |
| Invalid/blank votes | 9,252 | – | – | – |
| Total | 780,734 | 100 | 160 | 0 |
| Registered voters/turnout | 932,180 | 83.8 | – | – |
| Source: Elections in the Weimar Republic[2] | ||||
1932
The 1932 Hamburg state election was held on 24 April 1932 to elect the 160 members of the Bürgerschaft.
| Party | Votes | % | Seats | +/– |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nazi Party | 233,750 | 31.2 | 51 | +8 |
| Social Democratic Party of Germany | 226,242 | 30.2 | 49 | +3 |
| Communist Party of Germany | 119,481 | 16.0 | 26 | –9 |
| German State Party | 84,146 | 11.2 | 18 | +4 |
| German National People's Party | 32,356 | 4.3 | 7 | –2 |
| German People's Party | 23,807 | 3.2 | 5 | –2 |
| Centre Party | 10,023 | 1.3 | 2 | 0 |
| Christian Social People's Service | 7,725 | 1.0 | 1 | –1 |
| Reich Party of the German Middle Class | 4,880 | 0.7 | 1 | –1 |
| Sozialistische Arbeiterpartei | 2,302 | 0.3 | 0 | New |
| Volkskonservative Vereinigung Hamburg | 1,357 | 0.2 | 0 | New |
| Die Erwerbslosen | 1,249 | 0.2 | 0 | New |
| Menschheitspartei | 521 | 0.1 | 0 | New |
| Nationale Freiheitspartei Deutschlands | 503 | 0.1 | 0 | New |
| Freisinnige Partei Deutschlands | 96 | 0.0 | 0 | New |
| Invalid/blank votes | 5,633 | – | – | – |
| Total | 754,071 | 100 | 160 | 0 |
| Registered voters/turnout | 936,441 | 80.5 | – | – |
| Source: Elections in the Weimar Republic[2] | ||||
See also
References
- ^ "Landtagswahlen Freie und Hansestadt Hamburg 1918–1933". Retrieved 28 January 2023.
- ^ a b c d e f "Die Freie und Hansestadt Hamburg Bürgerschaftswahlen 1919–1933". Retrieved 28 January 2023.
- ^ Wells, Roger H. (April 1936). "The Liquidation of the German Länder". The American Political Science Review. 30 (2). American Political Science Association: 351–352. doi:10.2307/1947263. JSTOR 1947263.