Gastón Frez

Gastón Frez
Minister-Director of the Office of National Planning
In office
1982–1982
Preceded byLuis Danús
Succeeded bySergio Pérez Hormázabal
President-Executive of Codelco
In office
1976–1981
Preceded byRolando Ramos Muñoz
Personal details
Born
Chile
Died
Chile
Military service
AllegianceChile
Branch/serviceChilean Army
RankGeneral

Gastón Frez Arancibia was a Chilean Army general and state official who, during the military regime of Augusto Pinochet, held senior positions in Chile’s state mining and planning institutions.

He served as President-Executive of the state copper company Codelco from 1976 to 1981 and briefly as Minister-Director of the Office of National Planning (ODEPLAN) in 1982.[1] Frez’s legacy is mainly associated with the consolidation of Chile’s state-owned copper sector during the Pinochet era.[2]

Some analysts describe him as part of the «military-bureaucratic» current within the dictatorship that sought to preserve strategic public enterprises while the broader economy moved toward liberalization.[3]

Early life and career

Frez trained as an officer in the Chilean Army, ultimately reaching the rank of general.[2]

He emerged in senior state roles during the 1970s, coinciding with the consolidation of the military government.

Role at Codelco

In 1976, Frez was appointed President-Executive of Codelco, the National Copper Corporation created earlier that year after the nationalization of copper.[1]

According to Chilean media and academic analyses, Frez defended the state-owned character of Codelco against pressures to privatize the mining industry.[4]

His tenure coincided with the first signs of economic slowdown that preceded the 1982–1983 crisis.[5]

Planning office and later career

In 1982, Frez was appointed Minister-Director of the ODEPLAN, a key institution for coordinating development policy under the regime.

His appointment reflected the military government’s strategy of combining technocratic economists with senior officers in leadership roles.[2]

References

  1. ^ a b "14 presidentes ejecutivos en 43 años de historia de Codelco". IIMCh (in Spanish). Instituto de Ingenieros de Minas de Chile. Retrieved 8 November 2025.
  2. ^ a b c "The State and the Making of Capitalist Modernity in Chile" (PDF). SciSpace. Retrieved 8 November 2025.
  3. ^ "Nueva arremetida para privatizar Codelco Chile". Los Andes Online (in Spanish). Retrieved 8 November 2025.
  4. ^ "El término del ciclo de una generación de Codelco-Chile". Le Monde Diplomatique (Chile) (in Spanish). Retrieved 8 November 2025.
  5. ^ "La caída en 1982 y 1983 del "milagro económico" de la dictadura militar". Interferencia.cl (in Spanish). Retrieved 8 November 2025.