Felix Fechenbach

Felix Fechenbach
Born28 January 1894
Mergentheim, Kingdom of Württemberg
Died7 August 1933(1933-08-07) (aged 39)
Kleinenberg forest
Cause of deathshot extrajudicially
OccupationJournalist

Felix Fechenbach (28 January 1894 – 7 August 1933) was a German journalist, author, and political activist. He served as state secretary in the government of Kurt Eisner, who overthrew the Bavarian Wittelsbach Monarchy. After its overthrow, he worked as a newspaper editor during the Weimar Republic. After the Nazi seizure of power, he was arrested and later shot extrajudicially while being transported to Dachau concentration camp.

Early life

He was born in Mergentheim, the son of a lower-middle-class Jewish family.[1] Fechenbach was the son of Noe and Rosalie Fechenbach. He grew up in poverty. He had five brothers: Max, Siegbert, Mortiz, Abraham, and Jackob Fechenbach. Fechenbach's first job was delivering bread with his older brother Abraham in the town of Würzburg. His first best friend was Stoffele, the girl next door; after she died at age 7, he would burst into tears anytime her name was mentioned.[2] He started his very first apprenticeship at age 13 at a shoe store.[3][2]

He took vocational education in Würzburg until 1910. Later, he worked in a shoe store. In 1911 he secured work in Frankfurt but was later fired for union activity and because of a strike he led.[1]

Political career

From 1912 until 1914, he was a party secretary of the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD) in Munich. During World War I, Fechenbach was wounded, causing him to become a pacifist. He later served as private secretary for Kurt Eisner, the prime minister of Bavaria, shortly after the war.[1][4]

Fechenbach married Martha Fechenbach on 27 April 1894 and Irma Epstein on 16 October 1895. He had a total of three children. After he was killed by a Sturmabteilung commando on his way to the Dachau concentration camp, his wife, Irma Epstein, was able to escape with their children.[3][2]

He was jailed in 1922 for publishing secret diplomatic telegrams while state secretary under Eisner, before the Bavarian Soviet Republic. He was charged with high treason on 22 October 1922.[5] The decision was a scandal because the court at that time had no standing under the Weimar Constitution. He was pardoned in 1924.[1] He thereafter travelled to Berlin and worked for Kinderfreunde (Friends of Children) and criticised the SPD in his children's stories while still a member of the party.[1]

In 1929, he became the editor in chief of the SPD newspaper Volksblatt in Detmold.[1] On 11 March 1933, he was jailed by the new Nazi government for his anti-fascist activities. On 7 August 1933, members of the Schutzstaffel (SS) and SA who were transporting Fechenbach to Dachau concentration camp stopped and ordered him out of the vehicle in a forest between Detmold and Warburg. He was beaten and then shot by the Nazi officers present.[6]

There are two schools named after Fechenbach: the Felix-Fechenbach Gesamtschule in Leopoldshoehe and the Felix-Fechenbach Berufskolleg in Detmold.[7] A street in Detmold and in Oerlinghausen was also named after him.

Works

  • Fechenbach, Felix (1925). Im Haus der Freudlosen, J. H. W. Nachfolger, Berlin. Revised edition edited by Roland Flade, Koenigshausen & Neumann, Wuerzburg
  • Fechenbach, Felix (1936). Mein Herz schlaegt weiter: Briefe aus der Schutzhaft, Kulturverlag, St.Gallen. Revised edition with a foreword by Heinrich Mann, a contribution by Robert M.W. Kempner and a postscript by Peter Steinbach, Andreas-Haller-Verlag, Passau 1987.
  • Fechenbach, Felix (1937). Der Puppenspieler, Verlag E. & K. Scheuch, Zuerich. Revised edition edited by Roland Flade and Barbara Rott, Koenigshausen & Neuman, Wuerzburg 1988.

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f Zipes, Jack David (1997). Fairy Tales and Fables from Weimar Days. University of Wisconsin Press. p. 195. ISBN 0-299-15744-X.
  2. ^ a b c Mooney, Patrick; Burne, Geoffrey. "The Beginnings of the Fechenbach Family". Hermann Fechenbach. Wood Engravings, Lino Cuts and Print. Retrieved 24 November 2019.
  3. ^ a b Tuchel, Johannes. "Felix Fechenbach". German Resistance Memorial Center. Retrieved 24 November 2019.
  4. ^ Flade, Roland (2023). Fechenbach, Felix" in: NDB-online.
  5. ^ Eyck, Erich (1970). A history of the Weimar Republic. New York : Atheneum. p. 219.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: publisher location (link)
  6. ^ Pöppmann, Dirk (2007). "Rechtsstaat und Gerechtigkeit. Der Mord an Felix Fechenbach im Spiegel seiner juristischen Aufarbeitung vor dem Schwurgericht Paderborn". Westfälische Zeitschrift. 157: 287–309.
  7. ^ Felix-Fechenbach-Gesamtschule Leopoldshöhe

Further reading

  • Felix Fechenbach 1894–1933: Journalist, Schriftsteller, Pazifist. Symposium zum 100. Geburtstag am 28. Und 29. Januar 1994 in Detmold,Landesverband Lippe, Institut für Lippische Landeskunde Kreis Lippe.
  • Das Felix Fechenbach-Buch, Eichenverlag, Arbon 1936.
  • Hermann Schueler, Auf der Flucht erschossen: Felix Fechenbach 1894–1933, Kiepenheuer & Witsch, 1981.
  • Peter Steinbach, Das Schicksal bestimmt, dass ich hierbleibe, Wissenschaftlicher Autoren Verlag, Berlin 1983.
  • Herrmann Fechenbach, Die letzten Mergentheimer Juden: und die Geschichte der Familie Fechenbach mit Holzschnittillustrationen von Herrmann Fechenbach, Kohlhammer Verlag, Stuttgart 1972.
  • Douglas Morris, Justice Imperiled: The Anti-Nazi Lawyer Max Hirschberg, The University of Michigan Press, Ann Arbor 2005.
  • Wolfgang Mueller, Juden in Detmold, Gesammelte Beitraege zur juedischen Geschichte in Detmold, Lippe Verlag, Lage 2008.
  • Andreas Ruppert, Felix Fechenbach, translated by Katrin von Keitz, lecture given in Detmold, 6 August 2003.
  • Irma Fechenbach-Fey: Juedin, Sozialistin, Emigrantin 1895–1973. Landesverband Lippe, Institut fuer Lippische Landeskundde, Lemgo 2003.
  • Auf der Flucht erschossen – Felix Fechenbach, Videotape of Bayerischer Rundfunk Production der Media 3, Muenchen 1989. Videotape.
  • Felix Fechenabach-Preisverleihung Fernsehbericht 8/6/2003, Bayerischer Rundfunk, Muenchen 2003. Videotape.
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