El Kulug Shad
| El Kulug Shad | |
|---|---|
| Qaghan of the Western Turkic Khaganate (Nushibi faction) | |
| Reign | 639–640 |
| Predecessor | Ishbara Tolis |
| Successor | Irbis Ishbara Yabgu Qaghan |
| Died | 640 |
| Issue | Irbis Seguy |
| House | Ashina |
| Father | Ishbara Tolis |
| Religion | Tengrism |
El Külüg Shad Irbis Qaghan was khagan of the Western Turkic Khaganate in 639 and 640.
Name
While his personal name isn't known, his regnal title was Yiqulishi Yipi Qaghan (Chinese: 乙屈利失乙毘可汗, romanized: Yǐqūlìshī Yǐpí Kĕhàn).[1] Gumilev tried to reconstruct this name as El Kulug Shad Irbis Qaghan.[2] Whilst, the Old Book of Tang refers to him as Moheduo Yipi Khagan (Chinese: 莫賀咄乙毘可汗, romanized: Mòhèduō Yǐpí Kèhán). The first part of this name is often reconstructed as *Baghatur in Turkic,[3] the nature of the second component is debated. According to Zuev, Yipi was a Chinese rendition of Yelbi (sorcerer), which was a sign of rulers bearing this name being "shaman-kings".[4] According to Marcel Erdal, however, *yelbi was a proto-Turkic term for "sorcery", not a "sorcerer".[5] Another proposed transliteration of his name is Irbis (snow leopard), a name attested many times among Western Turkic regnal names. Minoru Inaba likened this epithet to Nishu, another often shared name among Western Turkic khans.[6]
Biography
El Kulug Shad was a son of Ishbara Tolis Qaghan. In 639, a tudun ilteber under his father secretly colluded with Yukuk Shad and rebelled, so Ishbara Tolis fled to Bahana (抜汗那; modern Fergana) where he died. The Nushibi tribes then set up El Kulug Shad as the new khagan but he died in 640. Thereupon, the chieftain of the Nushibi welcomed his cousin Bopu Tegin (薄布特勤) as the new khagan. He had a son who would later succeed as khagan under the title Irbis Seguy.[7]
References
- ^ Fang, Xie (1996). 新疆各族历史文化词典 [Dictionary of the History and Culture of Various Ethnic Groups in Xinjiang] (in Chinese). Zhonghua Book Company. p. 42. ISBN 978-7-101-01176-0.
- ^ Gumilev, Lev (2003). Древние тюрки. История образования и расцвета Великого тюркского каганата (VI-VIII вв. н.э.) [The Ancient Turks. History of the formation and flourishing of the Great Turkic Khaganate (VI-VIII centuries AD)] (PDF) (in Russian). Kristall. p. 149. ISBN 5-306-00313-3.
- ^ Skaff, Jonathan (2002). "Western Turk Rule of Turkestan's Oases in the Sixth through Eighth Centuries". The Turks. Ankara: Yeni Türkiye. pp. 364–372.
- ^ Zuev, Yury (2002). Ранние турки очерки истории и идеологии [Early Turks essays of History and Ideology] (in Russian). The Institute of Oriental Studies of Kazakhstan. p. 181.
- ^ Erdal, Marcel (1991). Old Turkic Word Formation: A Functional Approach to the Lexicon. Otto Harrassowitz Verlag. p. 336. ISBN 978-3-447-03084-7.
- ^ Inaba, Minoru (2010). "Nezak in Chinese Sources". Coins, Art and Chronology. 2: 191–202.
- ^ Taşağıl, Ahmet (2003). Gök-Türkler (in Turkish). Vol. 2. Ankara: Türk Tarih Kurumu Basımevi. p. 66. ISBN 975161113X. OCLC 33892575.