Dvorichna settlement hromada

Dvorichna settlement hromada
Дворічанська селищна громада
Coat of arms
Ukrainian-language map of the settlement hromada
Coordinates: 49°51′N 37°41′E / 49.850°N 37.683°E / 49.850; 37.683
Country Ukraine
OblastKharkiv Oblast
RaionKupiansk Raion
FoundedJune 12, 2020 (2020-06-12)
Administrative centerDvorichna
Government
[1]
 • Head of the HromadaTurbaba Halyna Hryhorivna ("Halyna Turbaba") (non-partisan)
Area
 • Total
1,109.1 km2 (428.2 sq mi)
Population
 (April 2023)[a]
 • Total
1,100
 • Density0.99/km2 (2.6/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+2 (EET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+3 (EEST)
Postal code
62702[3]
Number of settlements55
KATOTTH codeUA63080050000048455[1]
EDRPOU code04397037[3]
Websitedvor-selrada.gov.ua

The Dvorichna settlement hromada (Ukrainian: Дворічанська селищна громада, romanized: Dvorichanska selyshchna hromada; Russian: Дворичанская поселковая община) is a hromada in the Kupiansk Raion, Kharkiv Oblast, Ukraine. The hromada was created on 12 June 2020, and is centrally administered by the rural settlement of Dvorichna, being the local government for 55 settlements. The pre-war population of the hromada was small, and the economy was largely agriculture-based with little industry. As of 2025, the hromada remains about half occupied by Russian forces as a result of the Russo-Ukrainian war, and has been severely depopulated because of a mandatory evacuation that has been issued for all civilians in recaptured areas.

Overview

The hromada is largely composed of flat, agricultural land, with virtually no industrial areas. In line with this, the hromada is also largely undeveloped, only gaining access to electricity more recently, and remains with little outside communication or internet.[2] Because of this, while the hromada does have an official website, it is sparsely updated with new information.[4]

Before the Russo-Ukrainian war, income in the hromada came entirely from agriculture, animal husbandry, accounting, education, medicine, and administration.[2] The hromada did notably have a successful sports school in the head administrative settlement Dvorichna, along with multiple other schools and a kindergarten.[5]

History

Founding and early years

The hromada was created on 12 June 2020 after merging 14 settlement councils within the soon to be abolished Dvorichna Raion.[b][6] Upon establishment, the hromada became the local government for 55 settlements, and had a total population of 16,568 in January 2021.[7]

The hromada held their first elections on 25 October 2020,[8] where Dvorichna native Turbaba Halyna Hryhorivna was elected as Head of the Hromada.[9] Before the war in 2022, the hromada had a total population of approximately 16,500[5] within a 1,109.1 km2 (428.2 sq mi) area.[1]

Russo-Ukrainian war (2022–present)

The entire hromada was occupied by Russian forces in their initial invasion of Ukraine in February 2022.[5] During full occupation, Halyna Turbaba was imprisoned twice for refusing to cooperate with the Russian military.[10] During Turbaba's first imprisonment lasting one month, and second imprisonment 50 days, some lesser hromada officials agreed to work with the Russians.[5] In this time: better houses, along with useful equipment from farms, were reportedly confiscated by the Russian military.[10] Many residents likewise left for the Russian border or travel across a dam going over the Pecheneg Reservoir to territory controlled by Ukrainian forces.[2]

The territorial situation only changed in the hromada after the successful Kharkiv counteroffensive conducted by Ukrainian forces during September 2022,[11] where control of the hromada was ultimately divided along the Oskil river by 12 September,[2][5] and remained this way with some exceptions.[c] After the counteroffensive, those lesser officials who worked with the Russians fled the hromada,[5] and many former-residents who left for Russia returned to live in Kharkiv or moved to other European nations including Czechia, Germany, Norway, Poland, Sweden, and Switzerland,[2] as the now-frontline hromada was placed under mandatory evacuation. This depopulation led to only about 2,000 residents remaining in the recaptured areas of the hromada by December 2022,[5] and only 1,100 residents by April 2023, consisting primarily of the elderly, with only 60 of whom being children.[2]

Also by December 2022, 30% of all residential buildings in the hromada were believed to have been destroyed,[5] alongside much of the hromada's educational, medical, recreational infrastructure, and administrative buildings.[2][5][10] Daily shelling[2][5][10] of the hromada that had taken place since Ukraine's counteroffensive additionally destroyed much of the head administrative settlement Dvorichna: including all 35 apartment buildings there,[2][5][10] and 70% of residential buildings.[2] Neighboring villages similarly suffered, with the north-east village of Kamianka having 100% of buildings damaged or destroyed, and the population drop from around 1,000 to 10 by January 2023.[15] All buildings not bordering neighboring settlement hromadas have also lost access to electricity, gas, and heat,[10] leading to the hromada's post offices, banks, pharmacies, and other reliant establishments being closed indefinitely.[5][16]

There are people who are planning to return. The fact is that there will probably be nowhere to return to - Dvorichna [hromada] is being demolished from the face of the earth

— Halyna Turbaba, Head of the Hromada, April 2023 interview with Suspilne[2]

Because of these factors, much of the remaining population either lives in their yards[2] or basements because of damages from the war.[10] Humanitarian aid consisting of food, hygiene, firewood, fuel, and other highly needed items are delivered on average twice a month to residents, making still living in the hromada possible.[5][10] A bakery built by humanitarian workers along with local village vegetable gardens also provide more food than necessary to residents.[5] A local doctor and ambulance also provides medical assistance despite the lack of a functioning pharmacy.[5] Administration is still led by Turbaba, and two other officials, with more opting to work remotely.[5] There is little to no communication with the occupied half of the hromada, with there existing the possibility of a humanitarian disaster.[5]

Territorial control after the Kharkiv counteroffensive (2022–2024)

After Ukraine's successful counteroffensive, the territorial situation in the hromada did not change again until 18 October, when a localized Russian counteroffensive recaptured Horobivka.[17] Four months later from 4[18] to 18 February 2023, a larger Russian counteroffensive from Dvorichne[19] pushed Ukrainian forces from the settlement on 10 February,[20] and continued their advance to capture Lyman Pershyi on 16 February,[21] and Hrianykivka on 18 February,[22] being the last significant event from the offensive. According to Turbaba, it was about this time that Hrianykivka's population became zero after every building there had been destroyed during the series of offensives and counteroffensives.[2]

On 15 May 2023, another localized Russia counteroffensive recaptured Masiutivka,[23] the last settlement in the hromada on the east side of the Oskil.

On 17 July 2023, Russian forces attempted to further their advances from Masiutivka and attempt to cross the Oskil. While the Ukrainian General Staff reported that the offensive was unsuccessful, a Russian milblogger claimed that the offensive captured 1–2 km (0.6–1.2 mi) of land in this direction.[24] This claim was later supported by other milbloggers and the Russian Ministry of Defense two days later on 19 July.[25] The Russian advance in this direction continued again on 8 August, with forces of the 6th Combined Arms Army capturing positions south of Vilshana and Lyman Pershyi.[26]

On 11 November 2023, Ukraine reaffirmed their control over Topoli by raising their flag in the settlement.[27] The State Border Guard Service of Ukraine claimed the flag raising showed the recapture of the settlement, however, it is unclear when or if the village was ever captured by Russia.[27]

On 26 September 2024, as part of a wider effort to remove Russian toponymy, the village of Pershotravneve was renamed to Manuilivka, as per a decree voted on by the Verkhovna Rada on 19 September, despite being fully under Russian control.[28]

On 3 December 2024, a localized Ukrainian counterattack recaptured the village of Novomlynsk and the surrounding Russian bridgehead on the west bank of the Oskil, which reportedly had expanded in late November.[29] The clearing operation was conducted by the 8th Mountain Assault Infantry Battalion of the 10th Mountain Assault Brigade using artillery and drones.[29]

Territorial control during the Kupiansk offensive (2025– )

In 2025, large scale operations by Russian forces to retake the western half of the hromada began as a supporting axis of the Kupiansk offensive, starting with the creation of a bridgehead across the Oskil river into Dvorichna on 9 January.[30] These Russian operations, often consisting of small infantry units attempting to establish multiple river crossings, continued for months.[31] During this time between January and February 2025, multiple villages were captured: including Zapadne on 22 January,[32] the administrative center settlement of Dvorichna on 28 January,[33] Novomlynsk on 31 January,[34] Fyholivka on 17 February,[35] and Topoli on 24 February.[36] According to deputy commander of the 429th Unmanned Systems Regiment, Russian forces were able to establish makeshift defenses in these bridgeheads territories in the form of houses, basements, and newly dug foxholes, but were incurring "quite serious losses" while doing so.[31]

After the initial territory loss, Ukraine launched a localized counterattack in early March, recapturing Fyholivka on 14 March,[37] and the north of Zapadne.[38] The counterattack was short-lived, however, and by 24 March, Russia expanded their control around the village of Topoli.[39]

On 28 April, Russian media claimed to have captured Kamianka, a claim quickly denied by Khortytsia operational-strategic group, who confirmed Ukraine still controlled most of the village, with only a small portion controlled by Russian forces and in the gray zone.[40] Around 27 May, Russian forces expanded their bridgehead around Kamianka, and using small sabotage and reconnaissance groups, unsuccessfully attempted to cross the Russian border and capture the village of Stroivka.[41] Two days later on 29 May, Russian forces tried again and captured likely much of Stroivka after releasing a video showing their flag in the southern part of it.[42] On 18 June, the Russian Ministry of Defense claimed to have captured Dovhenke.[43] On the night of 3–4 July, Russian forces captured the remainder of Stroivka, and further expanded their control around Topoli.[44] Around 5 September, Russian forces advanced around Krasne Pershe.[45] In October, Russian forces advanced from the Russian border towards Odradne,[46] which by 24 November, they successfully captured after also advancing from a recently-captured Bolohivka.[47]

List of settlements

The hromada contains the rural settlement Dvorichna, which serves as the administrative center, as well as an additional 54 populated places:[1]

Notes

  1. ^ The population given only accounts for those in recaptured areas by Ukrainian forces, and is an estimate.[2]
  2. ^ Those 14 settlement councils being the Bohdanivske, Dvorichna, Kamianka, Kolodiazne, Kutkivka, Lyman Druhyi, Mykolaivka, Novoiehorivka, Petro-Ivanivka, Pisky, Ridkodub, Tavilzhanka, Tokarivka, and Vilshana settlement councils.
  3. ^ After first establishing positions in Hrianykivka on 15 September,[12] Ukraine later regained control of some settlements east of the Oskil: including Dvorichne likely on 19 September,[13] Hrianykivka and Horobivka on 24 September,[14] and Lyman Pershyi and Masiutivka on unknown dates due to the fog of war. Ongoing fighting also disputed control of Tavilzhanka.[11]

References

  1. ^ a b c d "Дворічанська територіальна громада" [Dvorichan territorial community] (in Ukrainian). Decentralisation in Ukraine. 2022. Archived from the original on 15 January 2021. Retrieved 6 June 2023.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Tsvetkova, Sofia; Silaeva, Anna (28 April 2023). ""Мабуть, повертатися буде нікуди": як живе Дворічанська громада Харківщини, половина якої залишається під окупацією" ["Probably, there will be nowhere to return": how the Dvorichna hromada of the Kharkiv Oblast lives, half of which remains under occupation]. Suspilne (in Ukrainian). Archived from the original on 8 June 2023. Retrieved 7 June 2023.
  3. ^ a b "Дворічанська селищна рада (смт Дворічна, Куп'янський район, Харківська область)" [Dvorichna settlement council (Dvorichna village, Kupyan district, Kharkiv region)] (in Ukrainian). legalway.org. Archived from the original on 9 June 2023. Retrieved 6 June 2023.
  4. ^ "Місцеві програми селищних громад Харківщини: що закладено в бюджети на 2023 рік" [Local programs of settlement hromadas of the Kharkiv region: what is included in the budgets for 2023]. prostir.ua (in Ukrainian). 1 March 2023. Archived from the original on 11 June 2023. Retrieved 11 June 2023. Сайт Дворічанської селищної ради запрацював (на початок лютого доступу до нього не було), але назвати його інформативним важко – остання публікація датується 25 лютого 2022-го. [The site of the Dvorichna settlement hromada is up and running (at the beginning of February it was not accessible), but it is difficult to call it informative - the last publication is dated February 25, 2022.]
  5. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q Yakovleva, Vita (15 December 2022). "Дворічанська громада: частина – в окупації, частина – під обстрілами" [The Dvorichna hromada: part of it is under occupation, part of it is under shelling]. Slobidskyi District (in Ukrainian). Archived from the original on 11 June 2023. Retrieved 11 June 2023.
  6. ^ Про визначення адміністративних центрів та затвердження територій територіальних громад Харківської області [On the determination of administrative centers and approval of the territories of territorial communities of the Kharkiv region] (Report) (in Ukrainian). Kyiv: Verkhovna Rada. 12 June 2020. p. 5. Archived from the original on 15 May 2023. Retrieved 12 May 2023.
  7. ^ "Дворічанська територіальна громада" [Dvorichna settlement hromada] (in Ukrainian). Decentralisation in Ukraine. Archived from the original on January 15, 2021. Retrieved October 27, 2020.
  8. ^ "Центральна виборча комісія. Місцеві вибори 2020. Територіальні виборчі комісії. Перелік виборчих комісій. Харківська область. Дворічанська селищна територіальна виборча комісія Куп'янського району" [Central Election Commission. Local elections 2020. Territorial election commissions. List of election commissions. Kharkiv region. Dvorichan settlement territorial election commission of Kupyan district.] (in Ukrainian). Archived from the original on February 25, 2022. Retrieved October 27, 2020.
  9. ^ "Голова Громади" [Head of the Community] (in Ukrainian). Decentralization in Ukraine. 2022. Archived from the original on 7 June 2023. Retrieved 6 June 2023.
  10. ^ a b c d e f g h "В Дворічанській СТГ неспокійно: 50% населених пунктів залишаються в окупації. Фото" [In the Dvorichna settlement hromada, it is restless: 50% of settlements remain under occupation. Photo]. kupiansk.city (in Ukrainian). Kupiansk. 2 February 2023. Archived from the original on 11 June 2023. Retrieved 11 June 2023.
  11. ^ a b Hird, Karolina; Stepanenko, Kateryna; Lawlor, Katherine; Clark, Mason (22 September 2022). "Russian Offensive Campaign Assessment, September 22". Institute for the Study of War. The Russian milblogger also indicated that Ukrainian forces have taken ground east of Dvorichna and are fighting in Tavlizhanka
  12. ^ Stepanenko, Kateryna; Lawlor, Katherine; Mappes, Grace; Barros, George; Kagan, Frederick W. (15 September 2022). "Russian Offensive Campaign Assessment, September 15". Institute for the Study of War. A confirmed Ukrainian position in Hryanykivka would indicate that the Russian frontline east of the Oskil River is weak and/or that Russian forces' lines in this area are farther east of the Oskil River than previously assessed.
  13. ^ Hird, Karolina; Lawlor, Katherine; Clark, Mason; Kagan, Frederick W. (19 September 2022). "Russian Offensive Campaign Assessment, September 19". Institute for the Study of War. Ukrainian [forces are] grouping in Dvorichne […] Another Russian source similarly noted […] Ukrainian pontoon crossing near Dvorichne and that Russian sabotage and reconnaissance groups are operating in the area.
  14. ^ Hird, Karolina; Barros, George; Kagan, Frederick W. (24 September 2022). "Russian Offensive Campaign Assessment, September 24". Institute for the Study of War. Ukrainian assault detachments occupied the settlements of Hrianykivka and Horobivka
  15. ^ Fram, Tetiana (30 January 2023). "The Place that Smells of Death: Liberated Kamianka". Gwara Media. Retrieved 17 December 2025.
  16. ^ Ivashchenko, Maria (13 December 2022). "Чому у Дворічній не відновлюють електропостачання" [Why is the electricity supply not being restored in Dvorichna?]. Slobidskyi District (in Ukrainian). Archived from the original on 11 June 2023. Retrieved 11 June 2023.
  17. ^ Lawlor, Katherine; Hird, Karolina; Mappes, Grace; Bailey, Riley; Barros, George; Kagan, Frederick W. (19 October 2022). "Russian Offensive Campaign Assessment, October 19". Institute for the Study of War. Deputy Internal Minister Vitaly Kiselyov reiterated claims that Russian forces captured Horobivka […] on October 18
  18. ^ Stepanenko, Kateryna; Hird, Karolina; Mappes, Grace; Barros, George; Philipson, Layne; Wolkov, Nicole; Kagan, Frederick W. (6 February 2023). "Russian Offensive Campaign Assessment, February 6, 2023". Institute for the Study of War. Russian forces broke through Ukrainian defenses in Dvorichne […] and established positions on the settlement's western outskirts on February 4. […] The Ukrainian General Staff did not report that Ukrainian forces repelled Russian attacks in these areas between February 5 and 6.
  19. ^ Hird, Karolina; Bailey, Riley; Mappes, Grace; Barros, George; Philipson, Layne; Wolkov, Nicole; Clark, Mason (10 February 2023). "Russian Offensive Campaign Assessment, February 10, 2023". Institute for the Study of War. Russian forces secured marginal advances near Dvorichne […] Russian forces appear to be concentrating renewed offensive operations northwest of Svatove around Dvorichna
  20. ^ Bailey, Riley; Stepanenko, Kateryna; Mappes, Grace; Howard, Angela; Kagan, Frederick W. (11 February 2023). "Russian Offensive Campaign Assessment, February 11, 2023". Institute for the Study of War. The Russian Ministry of Defense (MoD) claimed that Russian forces completely captured Dvorichne […] on February 10
  21. ^ Hird, Karolina; Bailey, Riley; Mappes, Grace; Barros, George; Wolkov, Nicole; Kagan, Frederick (16 February 2023). "Russian Offensive Campaign Assessment, February 16, 2023". Institute for the Study of War. The Center for Defense Strategies also reported that Russian forces entered Lyman Pershyi [and] claimed that Russian and Ukrainian forces continue to fight for control of Hryanykivka
  22. ^ Neely, Jason; Ljunggren, David (18 February 2023). "Russia says its forces capture village in Ukraine's Kharkiv region". Reuters. Archived from the original on 30 May 2023. Retrieved 8 June 2023. Russia's defence ministry said on Saturday that its forces had captured Hrianykivka
  23. ^ Stepanenko, Kateryna; Bailey, Riley; Mappes, Grace; Philipson, Layne; Kagan, Frederick W. (15 May 2023). "Russian Offensive Campaign Assessment, May 15, 2023". Institute for the Study of War. Russian sources claimed that Russian forces captured Masyutivka
  24. ^ Mappes, Grace; Hird, Karolina; Wolkov, Nicole; Harward, Christina; Kagan, Frederick W. (17 July 2023). "Russian Offensive Campaign Assessment, July 17, 2023". Institute for the Study of War. Ukrainian Deputy Defense Minister Hanna Malyar stated that Russian forces have been advancing in the Kupyansk direction since the end of last week and are attacking Ukrainian positions near Masyutivka […] in order to push Ukrainian forces across the Oskil River. The Ukrainian General Staff reported that Russian forces conducted unsuccessful offensive operations south of Masyutivka, and a Russian milblogger claimed that Russian forces have advanced up to one to two kilometers in the Kupyansk direction.
  25. ^ Stepanenko, Kateryna; Bailey, Riley; Evans, Angelica; Barros, George; Harward, Christina; Kagan, Frederick W. (19 July 2023). "Russian Offensive Campaign Assessment, July 19, 2023". Institute for the Study of War. The Russian MoD claimed that Russian units advanced more than one kilometer in depth and two kilometers in width in the Kupyansk direction […] Other Russian sources claimed that Russian forces took control of […] positions near Masyutivka […] A prominent Russian milblogger claimed that elements of the 6th Combined Arms Army (Western Military District) have been assaulting Ukrainian strongholds west of Lyman Pershyi for several days and have recently advanced two kilometers in the area.
  26. ^ Hird, Karolina; Evans, Angelica; Wolkov, Nicole; Harward, Christina; Kagan, Frederick W. (8 August 2023). "Russian Offensive Campaign Assessment, August 8, 2023". Institute for the Study of War. Multiple Russian sources, including the Russian Ministry of Defense (MoD), claimed that elements of the 6th Combined Arms Army […] took positions on the landings south of Vilshana and Pervomaiske[.] […] Russian sources claimed that Russian assault groups pushed Ukrainian forces past Lyman Pershyi […] and out of positions along the Lyman Pershyi-Pervomaiske line.
  27. ^ a b Luo, Lance (12 November 2023). "Ukraine regains control of village in Kharkiv Oblast, raises flag". The Kyiv Independent. Retrieved 17 December 2025.
  28. ^ Про перейменування окремих населених пунктів та районів [On renaming individual settlements and districts] (Report) (in Ukrainian). Kyiv: Verkhovna Rada. 19 September 2024. Retrieved 17 December 2025.
  29. ^ a b Fornusek, Martin (3 December 2024). "Ukraine prevents Russia from establishing bridgehead west of Oskil River, military says". The Kyiv Independent. Retrieved 17 December 2025.
  30. ^ "Russian Forces Establish Bridgehead Across Frontline River in Eastern Ukraine". The Moscow Times. Agence France-Presse. 9 January 2025. Retrieved 9 January 2025.
  31. ^ a b Zadorozhnyy, Tim (24 March 2025). "'Important but small operations' — Ukraine reclaims territory near Dvorichna in Kharkiv Oblast, military says". The Kyiv Independent. Retrieved 6 April 2025.
  32. ^ "Russian Troops Capture Kharkiv Region Village Amid Westward Advance". The Moscow Times. Agence France-Presse. 22 January 2025. Retrieved 17 December 2025.
  33. ^ "Russian Army Says It Captured Ukrainian Town in Northeastern Kharkiv Region". The Moscow Times. 28 January 2025. Retrieved 6 April 2025.
  34. ^ Protz, Anastasia (31 January 2025). "Russians again take control of Novomlynsk in Kharkiv Oblast, DeepState analysts say". Ukrainska Pravda. Retrieved 17 December 2025.
  35. ^ Light, Felix (17 February 2025). "Russia says it has taken Fyholivka village in Ukraine' Kharkiv region". Reuters. Retrieved 17 December 2025.
  36. ^ Evans, Angelica; Harward, Christina; Wolkov, Nicole; Gibson, Olivia; Kagan, Frederick W.; Trotter, Nate (24 February 2025). "Russian Offensive Campaign Assessment, February 24, 2025". Institute for the Study of War. The Russian Ministry of Defense (MoD) claimed on February 24 that Russian forces seized Topoli
  37. ^ Gulayeva, Olena (14 March 2025). "Ukrainian defence forces push back enemy from Fyholivka in Kharkiv region - DeepState. MAP". Censor.net. Retrieved 17 December 2025.
  38. ^ Batashvili, David (14 March 2025). "The Battle of Ukraine, Special Issue 227, from 7 March 2025, 09:00 to 14 March 2025, 13:00 Kyiv Time". Georgian Foundation for Strategic and International Studies. Retrieved 17 December 2025.
  39. ^ Harward, Christina; Evans, Angelica; Mappes, Grace; Gibson, Olivia; Novikov, Daria; Barros, George; Trotter, Nate (24 March 2025). "Russian Offensive Campaign Assessment, March 24, 2025". Institute for the Study of War. Another Russian milblogger claimed on March 24 that Russian forces advanced in eastern and western Topoli
  40. ^ Diachenko, Elza (29 April 2025). "Ukrainian military denies information that Russia occupied Kamianka on Kupiansk axis". Gwara Media. Retrieved 17 December 2025.
  41. ^ Diachenko, Elza (28 May 2025). "Ukrainian military denies information about 50,000 Russian troops across border "preparing for offensive on Kharkiv"". Gwara Media. Retrieved 17 December 2025.
  42. ^ Evans, Angelica; Gibson, Olivia; Mappes, Grace; Olmsted, Jennie; Sobieski, Jessica; Kagan, Frederick W.; Trotter, Nate (29 May 2025). "Russian Offensive Campaign Assessment, May 29, 2025". Institute for the Study of War. Geolocated footage published on May 29 shows Russian forces raising a flag in the southwestern outskirts of Stroivka […], indicating that Russian forces likely seized the settlement. The Russian Ministry of Defense (MoD) and Russian milbloggers also claimed that Russian forces seized Stroivka.
  43. ^ Gibson, Olivia; Mappes, Grace; Harward, Christina; Olmsted, Jennie; Sobieski, Jessica; Hird, Karolina (18 June 2025). "Russian Offensive Campaign Assessment, June 18, 2025". Institute for the Study of War. The Russian Ministry of Defense (MoD) claimed on June 18 that Russian forces seized Dovhenke (north of Kupyansk)
  44. ^ Diakonov, Ivan (4 July 2025). "Russians occupy two settlements in Kharkiv Oblast – DeepState". Ukrainska Pravda. Retrieved 17 December 2025.
  45. ^ Hlamazda, Nazar (5 September 2025). "Russian troops advance on Kupiansk axis, DeepState monitoring group says". Gwara Media. Retrieved 17 December 2025.
  46. ^ Diachenko, Elza (1 December 2025). "Russian forces advance in northern part of Kupiansk axis, war monitoring group reports". Gwara Media. Retrieved 17 December 2025.
  47. ^ Sobieski, Jessica; Harward, Christina; Young, Justin; Mappes, Grace; Stepanenko, Kateryna; Iredale, Veronica (24 November 2025). "Russian Offensive Campaign Assessment, November 24, 2025". Institute for the Study of War. [O]n November 24 […] Russian forces recently seized Odradne (east of Velykyi Burluk) after advancing from Bolohivka (southeast of Odradne), indicating that Russian forces also seized Bolohivka on a prior date.
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