Castilleja angustifolia

Castilleja angustifolia is a species of wildflower known by the common names northwestern Indian paintbrush and desert Indian paintbrush. It is an herbaceous perennial native to the desert, scrublands, and woodlands of western North America.^[6] It grows in hot sandy soils and rock crevices in dry conditions.^[7]

This Indian paintbrush is under half a meter in height and has bristly gray-green to purple-red herbage. It stands in a clump of erect stems, each topped with an inflorescence of somewhat tubular yellow green flowers. The flowers are encased in bright red to orange-red bracts,^[8] sometimes tinted with purple, and usually fuzzy with a thin coat of white hairs.^[9] The upper leaves and bracts are divided into 3–5 segments, while the lower leaves are undivided, long, and narrow.^[10]

The plant flowers from May to September.^[11] In areas such as Idaho, Montana and Wyoming, it is often associated with sagebrush.^[10] The brightly colored bracts are used to attach pollinators like hummingbirds and butterflies that would otherwise ignore the plant's small yellow green flowers.^[12] The centimeter-long capsule fruits contain honeycomb-patterned seeds.

The species is similar to Castilleja linariifolia.^[10]

Castilleja angustifolia was given the scientific name Euchroma angustifolia by Thomas Nuttall in 1834. Four years later in 1838 it was moved to the genus Castilleja by George Don. Together with its genus it is classified in the family Orobanchaceae. It has three accepted varieties.^[2]

• Castilleja angustifolia var. angustifolia – Northwestern US^[3]
• Castilleja angustifolia var. dubia – Rocky Mountains and South Dakota^[4]
• Castilleja angustifolia var. flavescens – Nevada, Idaho, and Utah^[5]

Castilleja angustifolia has twelve synonyms of the species or one of its varieties.^[2][3][4][5]

• Media related to Castilleja angustifolia at Wikimedia Commons