Demographics of Nova Scotia

Nova Scotia (Latin for New Scotland; Mi'kmaq: Enmigtaqamu'g; French: Nouvelle-Écosse; Scottish Gaelic: Alba Nuadh) is a Canadian province located on the country's southeastern coast. It is the most populous province in Atlantic Canada, and its capital, Halifax, is a major economic centre of the region. Geographically, Nova Scotia is the second smallest province in Canada, with an area of 52,824.71 km2 (20,395.73 sq mi). As of April 2024, it has a population of 1,072,545 people.[1]

History

Population0200,000400,000600,000800,0001,000,000182718811931196619912016PopulationPopulation of Nova Scotia
View source data.
Year Population % change Rank*
5-year 10-year
1827 123,630 – – n/a
1837 199,906 – 62.0
1851 276,854 – –
1861 330,857 – 19.5
1871 387,800 – 17.2 3
1881 440,572 – 13.6
1891 450,396 – 2.2
1901 459,574 – 2.0
1911 492,338 – 7.1 4
1921 523,837 – 6.4 7
1931 512,846 – - 2.1
1941 577,962 – 12.7
1951 642,584 – 11.2
1956 694,717 8.1 –
1961 737,007 6.1 14.7
1966 756,039 2.6 8.8
1971 788,965 4.4 7.0
1976 828,570 5.0 9.6
1981 847,442 2.3 7.4
1986 873,175 3.0 5.4
1991 899,942 3.1 6.2
1996 909,282 1.0 4.1
2001 908,007 - 0.1 0.9
2006 913,462 0.6 2.8
2011 921,727 0.9 1.5
2016 923,5980.2 1.1
2021 969,3835.0 5.2

Source:[2] Statistics Canada [3][4]
* among provinces.
** Preliminary 2006 census estimate.

Population geography

Population centres

Main article: List of population centres in Nova Scotia

The Halifax population centre is the largest urban area in Nova Scotia. Statistics Canada recognizes a total of 37 population centres in the province.[5]


The below table is a list of those population centres in Nova Scotia from the 2021 Census of Population as designated, named, and delineated by Statistics Canada.[6]

Rank Population centre[6] Size group[6] Population (2021)[6] Population (2016)[6] Change[6] Land area[6] Population density[6]
km2 sq mi /km2 /sq mi
1 Halifax Large urban 348,634 317,334 +9.9% 238.29 92.00 1,463.1 3,789
2 Cape Breton - Sydney Medium 30,960 30,170 +2.6% 30.91 11.93 1,001.6 2,594
3 Truro Small 23,583 23,205 +1.6% 31.52 12.17 748.2 1,938
4 New Glasgow Small 19,316 19,137 +0.9% 29.82 11.51 647.8 1,678
5 Glace Bay Small 16,915 17,604 −3.9% 31.19 12.04 542.3 1,405
6 Kentville Small 14,905 14,449 +3.2% 27.98 10.80 532.7 1,380
7 Sydney Mines Small 12,353 12,823 −3.7% 18.11 6.99 682.1 1,767
8 Amherst Small 9,548 9,550 0.0% 12.38 4.78 771.2 1,997
9 Bridgewater Small 8,790 8,532 +3.0% 13.63 5.26 644.9 1,670
10 Yarmouth Small 7,848 7,527 +4.3% 16.81 6.49 466.9 1,209
11 Kingston - Greenwood Small 7,118 6,879 +3.5% 17.22 6.65 413.4 1,071
12 New Waterford Small 6,723 7,416 −9.3% 9.23 3.56 728.4 1,887
13 Enfield - Lantz Small 6,583 6,807 −3.3% 11.67 4.51 564.1 1,461
14 Antigonish Small 5,620 5,079 +10.7% 5.88 2.27 955.8 2,476
15 Windsor Small 5,514 5,248 +5.1% 10.56 4.08 522.2 1,352
16 Wolfville Small 5,057 4,195 +20.5% 6.46 2.49 782.8 2,027
17 Still Water Lake Small 3,379 3,447 −2.0% 8.23 3.18 410.6 1,063
18 Port Hawkesbury Small 2,998 3,004 −0.2% 5 1.9 599.6 1,553
19 Springhill Small 2,654 2,743 −3.2% 4.84 1.87 548.3 1,420
20 Pictou Small 2,643 2,711 −2.5% 4.35 1.68 607.6 1,574
21 Eskasoni 3 Small 2,575 2,352 +9.5% 5.7 2.2 451.8 1,170
22 Liverpool Small 2,546 2,549 −0.1% 3.59 1.39 709.2 1,837
23 Berwick Small 2,455 2,517 −2.5% 4.31 1.66 569.6 1,475
24 Lunenburg Small 2,405 2,262 +6.3% 3.35 1.29 717.9 1,859
25 Lake Echo Small 2,365 2,515 −6.0% 4.76 1.84 496.8 1,287
26 Indian Brook 14 Small 2,332 655 +256.0% 3.89 1.50 599.5 1,553
27 Digby Small 2,001 2,060 −2.9% 3.16 1.22 633.2 1,640
28 Hantsport Small 1,542 1,560 −1.2% 2.89 1.12 533.6 1,382
29 Brookside Small 1,439 1,441 −0.1% 2.81 1.08 512.1 1,326
30 Shelburne Small 1,439 1,483 −3.0% 2.6 1.0 553.5 1,434
31 Middleton Small 1,429 1,391 +2.7% 2.72 1.05 525.4 1,361
32 Chester Small 1,371 1,362 +0.7% 3.23 1.25 424.5 1,099
33 Inverness Small 1,228 1,248 −1.6% 2.73 1.05 449.8 1,165
34 Centreville Small 1,159 1,129 +2.7% 2.36 0.91 491.1 1,272
35 Howie Centre Small 1,106 1,157 −4.4% 1.67 0.64 662.3 1,715
36 Hayes Subdivision Small 1,044 1,121 −6.9% 1.1 0.42 949.1 2,458
37 Port Williams Small 1,030 1,120 −8.0% 1.92 0.74 536.5 1,390

Municipalities

Nova Scotia has four regional municipalities.

Name Population
(2021)[7] 		Population
(2016)[7] 		Change
(%)[7] 		Area
(km²)[7] 		Population
density[7]
Cape Breton 93,694 94,285 −0.6% 2,419.70 38.7
Halifax 439,819 403,131 +9.1% 5,475.57 80.3
Queens 10,422 10,302 +1.2% 2,387.52 4.4
West Hants 19,509 19,016 +2.6% 1,250.5 15.6
Total regional municipalities 563,444 526,734 +7.0% 11,533.29 48.85

Towns

Main article: List of towns in Nova Scotia

Nova Scotia has 25 towns.

Towns of Nova Scotia
Name 2021 Census of Population[8]
Population
(2021) 		Population
(2016) 		Change
 Land area Population density
km2 sq mi /km2 /sq mi
Amherst 9,404 9,713 −3.2% 12.07 4.66 779.1 2,018
Annapolis Royal 530 491 +7.9% 1.98 0.76 267.7 693
Antigonish 4,656 4,364 +6.7% 4.98 1.92 934.9 2,421
Berwick 2,455 2,509 −2.2% 6.53 2.52 384.2 995
Bridgewater 8,790 8,532 +3.0% 13.63 5.26 644.9 1,670
Clark's Harbour 725 758 −4.4% 2.82 1.09 257.1 666
Digby 2,001 2,060 −2.9% 3.16 1.22 633.2 1,640
Kentville 6,630 6,271 +5.7% 17.08 6.59 388.2 1,005
Lockeport 476 531 −10.4% 2.32 0.90 205.2 531
Lunenburg 2,396 2,263 +5.9% 4.04 1.56 593.1 1,536
Mahone Bay 1,064 1,036 +2.7% 3.12 1.20 341.0 883
Middleton 1,873 1,832 +2.2% 5.55 2.14 337.5 874
Mulgrave 627 722 −13.2% 17.83 6.88 35.2 91
New Glasgow 9,471 9,075 +4.4% 9.96 3.85 950.9 2,463
Oxford 1,170 1,190 −1.7% 10.68 4.12 109.6 284
Pictou 3,107 3,186 −2.5% 7.99 3.08 388.9 1,007
Port Hawkesbury 3,210 3,214 −0.1% 8.1 3.1 396.3 1,026
Shelburne 1,644 1,743 −5.7% 8.75 3.38 187.9 487
Stellarton 4,007 4,208 −4.8% 8.99 3.47 445.7 1,154
Stewiacke 1,557 1,373 +13.4% 17.62 6.80 88.4 229
Trenton 2,407 2,474 −2.7% 6.07 2.34 396.5 1,027
Truro 12,954 12,261 +5.7% 37.52 14.49 345.3 894
Westville 3,540 3,628 −2.4% 14.24 5.50 248.6 644
Wolfville 5,057 4,195 +20.5% 6.46 2.49 782.8 2,027
Yarmouth 6,829 6,518 +4.8% 10.57 4.08 646.1 1,673
Total 96,580 93,847 +2.9% 242.06 93.46 399.0 1,033
Province of Nova Scotia 969,383 923,598 +5.0% 52,824.71 20,395.73 18.35 47.5

Ethnic origins

Note: the percentages do not necessarily add up to 100% as multiple responses are allowed. Ethnic origins with less than 2% of the responses are not listed.[9]

Ethnic origin (Canada 2016 Census)
Population group Population % of total population
Canadian 387,360 42.6%
Scottish 272,880 30.0%
English 262,375 28.9%
Irish 195,865 21.6%
French 149,625 16.5%
German 97,555 10.7%
First Nations (Indigenous North American) 48,640 5.4%
Dutch 32,045 3.5%
Métis 26,025 2.9%
Acadian 23,700 2.6%

Visible minorities and Indigenous peoples

Visible minority and Indigenous population (Canada 2021 Census)[10]
Population group Population %
European[a] 809,995 84.7%
Visible minority group
 South Asian 21,655 2.3%
Chinese 11,600 1.2%
Black 28,220 3.0%
Filipino 6,615 0.7%
Arab 10,610 1.1%
Latin American 2,915 0.3%
Southeast Asian 2,400 0.3%
West Asian 1,875 0.2%
Korean 2,845 0.3%
Japanese 985 0.1%
Visible minority, n.i.e. 970 0.1%
Multiple visible minorities 2,750 0.3%
Total visible minority population 93,430 9.8%
Indigenous group
 First Nations (North American Indian) 28,050 2.9%
Métis 21,090 2.2%
Inuk (Inuit) 1,100 0.1%
Multiple Indigenous responses 885 0.1%
Indigenous responses n.i.e. 1,300 0.1%
Total Indigenous population 52,430 5.5%
Total population 955,855 100.0%

Language

Knowledge of languages

Knowledge of official languages of Canada in Nova Scotia (2016)
Language Percent
English only
 
 89.17%
French only
 
 0.08%
English and French
 
 10.45%
Neither English nor French
 
 0.30%

The question on knowledge of languages allows for multiple responses. The following figures are from the 2021 Canadian Census and the 2016 Canadian Census, and lists languages that were selected by at least 0.5 per cent of respondents.

Knowledge of languages in Nova Scotia
Language 2021[11] 2016
Pop. % Pop. %
English 951,945 99.59% 905,020 99.63%
French 99,300 10.39% 95,740 10.54%
Arabic 11,745 1.23% 9,685 1.07%
Hindi 10,115 1.06% N/A <0.5%
Spanish 8,675 0.91% 6,990 0.77%
Mandarin 8,525 0.89% 5,435 0.6%
Punjabi 6,730 0.7% N/A <0.5%
German 6,665 0.7% 6,335 0.7%
Miꞌkmaq 5,650 0.59% 5,540 0.61%
Tagalog 5,595 0.59% N/A <0.5%

Mother tongue

The 2021 Canadian census showed a population of 969,383.
Of the 941,105 singular responses to the census question concerning mother tongue the most commonly reported languages were:[12]

Ranking Language Population Percentage
1. English 851,545 90.48%
2. French 27,340 2.91%
3. Arabic 7,960 0.85%
4. Mandarin 6,730 0.72%
5. Punjabi 4,550 0.48%
6. Tagalog 3,240 0.34%
7. Mi'kmaq 3,145 0.33%
8. German 3,050 0.32%
9. Spanish 2,680 0.28%
10. Korean 2,340 0.25%
11. Hindi 2,035 0.22%
12. Malayalam 1,975 0.21%
13. Russian 1,735 0.18%
14. Persian 1,435 0.15%
15. Dutch 1,395 0.15%
16. Portuguese 1,305 0.14%
17. Yue (Cantonese) 1,250 0.13%
18. Gujarati 1,160 0.12%
19. Urdu 965 0.10%
20. Vietnamese 950 0.10%
21. Bengali 890 0.09%
22. Polish 870 0.09%
23. Telugu 750 0.08%
24. Italian 730 0.08%
25. Greek 710 0.08%
26. Serbo-Croatian 580 0.06%
27. Tamil 555 0.06%

Religion

Religious groups in Nova Scotia (1981−2021)
Religious group 2021 Canadian census
[13][14][15][16] 		2011 Canadian census
[17][18][19] 		2001 Canadian census
[20][21][22][23] 		1991 Canadian census
[23][24][25][26] 		1981 Canadian census
[27][28][29][30]
Pop. % Pop. % Pop. % Pop. % Pop. %
Christianity 556,115 58.18% 690,460 76.19% 780,530 86.96% 815,815 91.57% 800,325 95.3%
Irreligion 359,395 37.6% 197,665 21.81% 106,405 11.85% 68,010 7.63% 34,335 4.09%
Islam 14,715 1.54% 8,505 0.94% 3,545 0.39% 1,435 0.16% 790 0.09%
Hinduism 8,460 0.89% 1,850 0.2% 1,235 0.14% 970 0.11% 1,025 0.12%
Sikhism 4,735 0.5% 390 0.04% 270 0.03% 330 0.04% 275 0.03%
Buddhism 2,955 0.31% 2,205 0.24% 1,735 0.19% 1,485 0.17% 420 0.05%
Judaism 2,195 0.23% 1,805 0.2% 2,120 0.24% 1,950 0.22% 2,010 0.24%
Indigenous spirituality 1,090 0.11% 570 0.06% 270 0.03% 45 0.01% 15 0%
Other 6,195 0.65% 2,720 0.3% 1,450 0.16% 910 0.1% 605 0.07%
Total responses 955,855 98.6% 906,175 98.31% 897,570 98.85% 890,950 99% 839,800 99.1%
Total population 969,383 100% 921,727 100% 908,007 100% 899,942 100% 847,442 100%
  • Largest non-Christian religion in Nova Scotia by census division, 2021 census
  • Majority religion in Nova Scotia by county, 2011 census

Migration

Immigration

Nova Scotia immigration statistics (1861–2021)
Census year Immigrant percentage Immigrant population Total responses Total population Source(s)
1861 Census of Nova Scotia 10.93% 36,151 330,857 330,857 [31]: 114–115 [32]: 346 
1871 Canadian census 8.37% 32,456 387,800 387,800 [33]: 336 [34]: 28 
1881 Canadian census 6.29% 27,713 440,572 440,572 [35]: 239 
1891 Canadian census 5.84% 26,315 450,396 450,396 [35]: 239 
1901 Canadian census 5.31% 24,402 459,574 459,574 [35]: 239 
1911 Canadian census 7.39% 36,375 492,338 492,338 [35]: 239 
1921 Canadian census 8.31% 43,505 523,837 523,837 [36]: 108 [35]: 239 
1931 Canadian census 8.15% 41,797 512,846 512,846 [37]: 540 [38]: 710 [39]: 446 [40]: 374 [36]: 108 
1941 Canadian census 7.05% 40,741 577,962 577,962 [41][42][43]: 282–343 [36]: 108 
1951 Canadian census 4.46% 28,680 642,584 642,584 [44]: 675–676 [36]: 108 
1961 Canadian census 4.64% 34,168 737,007 737,007 [45][46][47][36]: 108 
1971 Canadian census 4.71% 37,190 788,960 788,960 [48][49][50][36]: 108 
1981 Canadian census 4.97% 41,715 839,800 847,442 [51][52][53][54][55][56]
1986 Canadian census 4.68% 40,465 864,150 873,176 [57][58][59][60][61]
1991 Canadian census 4.39% 39,110 890,950 899,942 [57][62][63]
1996 Canadian census 4.66% 41,955 899,970 909,282 [64][65][57][66][67]
2001 Canadian census 4.6% 41,315 897,570 908,007 [68][65][69]
2006 Canadian census 5% 45,190 903,090 913,462 [70][71]
2011 Canadian census 5.33% 48,275 906,175 921,727 [72][73]
2016 Canadian census 6.13% 55,680 908,340 923,598 [74][75][76]
2021 Canadian census 7.49% 71,570 955,855 969,383 [77][78][79]

The 2021 census reported that immigrants (individuals born outside Canada) comprise 71,570 persons or 7.5 percent of the total population of Nova Scotia.[77][78]

Immigrants in Nova Scotia by country of birth
Country of birth 2021 census
[77][78][79] 		2016 census
[74][75][76] 		2011 census
[72][73] 		2006 census
[70][71] 		2001 census
[68][65][69] 		1996 census
[64][65][57][66][67] 		1991 census
[57][62][63] 		1986 census
[57][58][59][60][61] 		1981 census
[51][52][53][54][55][56] 		1971 census
[48][49][50] 		1961 census
[45][46][47] 		1951 census
[44]: 675–676  		1941 census
[41][42][43]: 282–343  		1931 census
[37]: 540 [38]: 710 [39]: 446 [40]: 374 
Pop. % Pop. % Pop. % Pop. % Pop. % Pop. % Pop. % Pop. % Pop. % Pop. % Pop. % Pop. % Pop. % Pop. %
United Kingdom 11,930 16.7% 11,270 20.2% 11,000 22.8% 11,660 25.8% 10,800 26.1% 12,210 29.1% 12,045 30.8% 13,445 33.2% 14,190 34% 13,965 37.6% 14,429 42.2% 13,180 46% 12,316 30.2% 13,552 32.4%
United States 7,570 10.6% 7,375 13.2% 8,275 17.1% 7,960 17.6% 8,065 19.5% 8,815 21% 9,485 24.3% 9,905 24.5% 11,335 27.2% 8,780 23.6% 7,389 21.6% 7,555 26.3% 8,633 21.2% 7,222 17.3%
India 5,605 7.8% 2,225 4% 1,415 2.9% 1,440 3.2% 1,140 2.8% 1,370 3.3% 1,190 3% 1,175 2.9% 1,140 2.7% 890 2.4% 119 0.3% 86 0.3% 66 0.2% 80 0.2%
Philippines 4,755 6.6% 2,575 4.6% 1,325 2.7% 420 0.9% 495 1.2% 460 1.1% 245 0.6% 235 0.6% 245 0.6% N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a
China & Taiwan 4,500[b] 6.3% 3,055[c] 5.5% 2,145[d] 4.4% 1,830[e] 4% 1,150[f] 2.8% 910[g] 2.2% 620[h] 1.6% 560[i] 1.4% 520[j] 1.2% 510 1.4% 358 1% 331 1.2% 286 0.7% 297 0.7%
Syria & Lebanon 3,985[k] 5.6% 2,520[l] 4.5% 1,780[m] 3.7% 1,400[n] 3.1% 1,640[o] 4% 1,305[p] 3.1% 1,125[q] 2.9% 975[r] 2.4% 995 2.4% N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a 336 0.8% 365 0.9%
Germany & Austria 2,485[s] 3.5% 2,745[t] 4.9% 2,530[u] 5.2% 2,995[v] 6.6% 2,660[w] 6.4% 2,505[x] 6% 1,880[y] 4.8% 2,275[z] 5.6% 2,745[aa] 6.6% 2,950 7.9% 1,771 5.2% 453 1.6% 514 1.3% 635 1.5%
Nigeria & Ghana 1,935[ab] 2.7% 525[ac] 0.9% 365[ad] 0.8% 255[ae] 0.6% 165[af] 0.4% 165[ag] 0.4% 145 0.4% 115 0.3% 80 0.2% N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a
Netherlands 1,465 2% 1,645 3% 1,530 3.2% 1,830 4% 1,975 4.8% 2,070 4.9% 2,000 5.1% 2,105 5.2% 1,945 4.7% 1,910 5.1% 2,222 6.5% 607 2.1% 95 0.2% 29 0.1%
Russia & Ukraine 1,320[ah] 1.8% 930[ai] 1.7% 725[aj] 1.5% 385[ak] 0.9% 310[al] 0.8% 365[am] 0.9% 240[am] 0.6% 230[am] 0.6% 345[am] 0.8% 495[am] 1.3% 762[am] 2.2% 901[am] 3.1% 831[am] 2% 852[am] 2%
South Korea 1,220 1.7% 865 1.6% 570 1.2% 425 0.9% 310 0.8% 180 0.4% 95 0.2% 20 0% 20 0% N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a
Jamaica & Trinidad and Tobago 1,045[an] 1.5% 705[ao] 1.3% 390[ap] 0.8% 410[aq] 0.9% 375[ar] 0.9% 415[as] 1% 505[at] 1.3% 535[au] 1.3% 465 1.1% 335 0.9% 401[av] 1.2% 444[av] 1.5% 500[av] 1.2% 564[av] 1.3%
Iran 1,040 1.5% 970 1.7% 910 1.9% 400 0.9% 220 0.5% 185 0.4% 220 0.6% 180 0.4% 50 0.1% N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a
Egypt 970 1.4% 765 1.4% 570 1.2% 670 1.5% 260 0.6% 405 1% 175 0.4% 105 0.3% 75 0.2% N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a
Former Yugoslavia 950 1.3% 730 1.3% 430 0.9% 670 1.5% 635 1.5% 640 1.5% 215 0.5% 210 0.5% 150 0.4% 160 0.4% 195 0.6% 111 0.4% 134 0.3% 245 0.6%
Pakistan 900 1.3% 615 1.1% 345 0.7% 450 1% 235 0.6% 390 0.9% 150 0.4% 135 0.3% 160 0.4% 85 0.2% N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a
Poland 765 1.1% 625 1.1% 575 1.2% 970 2.1% 730 1.8% 655 1.6% 960 2.5% 700 1.7% 550 1.3% 665 1.8% 834 2.4% 930 3.2% 1,054 2.6% 1,262 3%
South Africa 710 1% 460 0.8% 310 0.6% 320 0.7% 160 0.4% 225 0.5% 225 0.6% 185 0.5% 120 0.3% N/a N/a 58 0.2% 26 0.1% 50 0.1% 37 0.1%
France & Belgium 680[aw] 1% 720[ax] 1.3% 545[ay] 1.1% 710[az] 1.6% 620[ba] 1.5% 585[bb] 1.4% 525[bc] 1.3% 660[bd] 1.6% 700[be] 1.7% 815 2.2% 860 2.5% 635 2.2% 752 1.8% 951 2.3%
Vietnam 675 0.9% 450 0.8% 450 0.9% 375 0.8% 535 1.3% 515 1.2% 510 1.3% 495 1.2% 480 1.2% N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a
Israel & Palestine 625 0.9% 505 0.9% 280 0.6% 155 0.3% 225 0.5% 145 0.3% 25 0.1% 80 0.2% 55 0.1% N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a
Australia & New Zealand 590 0.8% 430 0.8% 410 0.8% 440 1% 345 0.8% 320 0.8% 210 0.5% 245 0.6% 215 0.5% 255 0.7% 132 0.4% 86 0.3% 108 0.3% 82 0.2%
Ireland 555 0.8% 475 0.9% 635 1.3% 425 0.9% 375 0.9% 350 0.8% 480 1.2% 375 0.9% 185 0.4% 335 0.9% 1,006 2.9% 796 2.8% 880 2.2% 990 2.4%
Kenya & Tanzania & Uganda 555[bf] 0.8% 285[bg] 0.5% 260[bh] 0.5% 245[bi] 0.5% 190[bj] 0.5% 165[bk] 0.4% 145[bl] 0.4% 80[bm] 0.2% 160 0.4% N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a
Kuwait 545 0.8% 615 1.1% 695 1.4% 780 1.7% 770 1.9% 535 1.3% N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a
Bangladesh 540 0.8% 315 0.6% 335 0.7% 135 0.3% 10 0% 15 0% 0 0% 5 0% 10 0% N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a
Saudi Arabia 500 0.7% 370 0.7% 335 0.7% 255 0.6% 230 0.6% 90 0.2% N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a
Italy 490 0.7% 525 0.9% 480 1% 540 1.2% 575 1.4% 560 1.3% 670 1.7% 715 1.8% 725 1.7% 900 2.4% 830 2.4% 466 1.6% 606 1.5% 742 1.8%
Scandinavia[bn] 440 0.6% 495 0.9% 470 1% 460 1% 560 1.4% 555 1.3% 485 1.2% 535 1.3% 590 1.4% 780 2.1% 698 2% 617 2.2% 687 1.7% 690 1.7%
Brazil 440 0.6% 175 0.3% 65 0.1% 25 0.1% 80 0.2% 45 0.1% 30 0.1% 15 0% 45 0.1% N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a
Iraq 440 0.6% 525 0.9% 455 0.9% 250 0.6% 240 0.6% 140 0.3% 55 0.1% 10 0% 10 0% N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a
Ethiopia & Eritrea 400[bo] 0.6% 320[bp] 0.6% 205[bq] 0.4% 140[br] 0.3% 100[bs] 0.2% 155 0.4% 30 0.1% 45 0.1% N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a
Jordan 385 0.5% 395 0.7% 285 0.6% 170 0.4% 100 0.2% 35 0.1% N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a
Sri Lanka 375 0.5% 310 0.6% 190 0.4% 95 0.2% 205 0.5% 200 0.5% 95 0.2% 45 0.1% 30 0.1% N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a
Mexico 355 0.5% 330 0.6% 185 0.4% 185 0.4% 75 0.2% 95 0.2% 75 0.2% 65 0.2% 15 0% N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a
Hong Kong 350 0.5% 280 0.5% 290 0.6% 280 0.6% 470 1.1% 540 1.3% 345 0.9% 165 0.4% 265 0.6% N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a
DR Congo & Cameroon 345[bt] 0.5% 180[bu] 0.3% 105[bv] 0.2% 40[bw] 0.1% 25[bx] 0.1% 15[by] 0% 30 0.1% 10 0% 0 0% N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a
United Arab Emirates 330 0.5% 265 0.5% 195 0.4% 105 0.2% 205 0.5% 65 0.2% N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a
Turkey 320 0.4% 270 0.5% 170 0.4% 85 0.2% 110 0.3% 90 0.2% 105 0.3% 175 0.4% 50 0.1% N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a 8 0% 4 0%
Sudan & South Sudan 315 0.4% 130 0.2% 90 0.2% 65 0.1% 70 0.2% 0 0% 5 0% 0 0% 0 0% N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a
Romania 310 0.4% 180 0.3% 190 0.4% 130 0.3% 135 0.3% 85 0.2% 70 0.2% 40 0.1% 45 0.1% 30 0.1% 61 0.2% 57 0.2% 106 0.3% 174 0.4%
Greece 300 0.4% 510 0.9% 355 0.7% 550 1.2% 635 1.5% 545 1.3% 580 1.5% 560 1.4% 745 1.8% 550 1.5% 411 1.2% 129 0.4% 108 0.3% 96 0.2%
Japan 300 0.4% 225 0.4% 135 0.3% 185 0.4% 50 0.1% 115 0.3% 30 0.1% 30 0.1% 45 0.1% 45 0.1% 15 0% 7 0% 13 0% 6 0%
Switzerland 290 0.4% 210 0.4% 215 0.4% 215 0.5% 130 0.3% 145 0.3% 60 0.2% 120 0.3% 70 0.2% 55 0.1% 46 0.1% 32 0.1% 35 0.1% 23 0.1%
Colombia 270 0.4% 175 0.3% 290 0.6% 115 0.3% 10 0% 0 0% 15 0% 5 0% N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a
Guyana 255 0.4% 170 0.3% 170 0.4% 125 0.3% 150 0.4% 100 0.2% 55 0.1% 130 0.3% 65 0.2% N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a
Czech Republic & Slovakia 250 0.3% 210 0.4% 135 0.3% 250 0.6% 245 0.6% 215 0.5% 185 0.5% 240 0.6% 240 0.6% 285 0.8% 231 0.7% 227 0.8% 272 0.7% 373 0.9%
Portugal 235 0.3% 220 0.4% 120 0.2% 220 0.5% 215 0.5% 215 0.5% 270 0.7% 310 0.8% 245 0.6% 110 0.3% N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a
El Salvador & Guatemala & Nicaragua 215[bz] 0.3% 175[ca] 0.3% 80[cb] 0.2% 55[cc] 0.1% 65[cd] 0.2% 105[ce] 0.3% 260[cf] 0.7% 15[cg] 0% 20 0% N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a N/a
Hungary 215 0.3% 110 0.2% 185 0.4% 230 0.5% 210 0.5% 185 0.4% 260 0.7% 235 0.6% 285 0.7% 260 0.7% 351 1% 201 0.7% 302 0.7% 421 1%
Total immigrants 71,570 7.5% 55,680 6.1% 48,275 5.3% 45,190 5% 41,315 4.6% 41,955 4.7% 39,110 4.4% 40,465 4.7% 41,715 5% 37,190 4.7% 34,168 4.6% 28,680 4.5% 40,741 7% 41,797 8.2%
Total responses 955,855 98.6% 908,340 98.3% 906,175 98.3% 903,090 98.9% 897,570 98.9% 899,970 99% 890,950 99% 864,150 99% 839,800 99.1% 788,960 100% 737,007 100% 642,584 100% 577,962 100% 512,846 100%
Total population 969,383 100% 923,598 100% 921,727 100% 913,462 100% 908,007 100% 909,282 100% 899,942 100% 873,176 100% 847,442 100% 788,960 100% 737,007 100% 642,584 100% 577,962 100% 512,846 100%

Recent immigration

The 2021 Canadian census counted a total of 21,385 people who immigrated to Nova Scotia between 2016 and 2021.[77][78]

Recent immigrants to Nova Scotia by Country of birth (2016 to 2021)[77][78]
Country of Birth Population % recent immigrants
India 3,665 17.1%
Philippines 2,325 10.9%
Syria 2,140 10%
China 2,045 9.6%
Nigeria 1,445 6.8%
United States 880 4.1%
United Kingdom 730 3.4%
South Korea 580 2.7%
Pakistan 375 1.8%
Egypt 375 1.8%
Bangladesh 350 1.6%
Jamaica 325 1.5%
Ukraine 265 1.2%
Brazil 260 1.2%
South Africa 225 1.1%
Saudi Arabia 225 1.1%
Iran 220 1%
Russia 205 1%
Vietnam 205 1%
Germany 185 0.9%
Israel 180 0.8%
Jordan 175 0.8%
Lebanon 175 0.8%
Sudan 160 0.7%
Democratic Republic of the Congo 160 0.7%
Total recent immigrants 21,385 100%

Interprovincial migration

Main article: Interprovincial migration in Canada

From 1971 to 2011, Nova Scotia had a persistent negative trend in net interprovincial migration. Combined with a declining birth rate, this posed a significant demographic challenge for the province, as its population was projected to decline. The destination for Nova Scotia migrants was most often Ontario, until the turn of the 21st century when Alberta became a more popular destination; New Brunswick ranks as a distant third.[80]

Interprovincial migration in Nova Scotia
In-migrants Out-migrants Net migration
2008–09 15,467 16,218 −751
2009–10 15,172 14,560 612
2010–11 14,553 14,594 −41
2011–12 14,410 17,276 −2,866
2012–13 12,630 16,147 −3,517
2013–14 13,402 15,973 −2,571
2014–15 13,854 16,165 −2,311
2015–16 15,107 14,353 754
2016–17 15,339 12,500 2,839
2017–18 15,509 12,461 3,048
2018–19 17,324 14,018 3,306

Source: Statistics Canada

Employment

As of February 2019, the unemployment rate for the province is 6.4 percent. Halifax Regional Municipality 4.9 percent[81]

Income

Median household income
By county By community
Rank County 2011[82]
1 Halifax County $62,049
2 Hants County $60,186
3 Antigonish County $57,577
Nova Scotia $53,606
4 Inverness County $53,194
5 Kings County $51,850
6 Richmond County $50,745
7 Colchester County $50,568
8 Pictou County $50,417
9 Lunenburg County $48,154
10 Yarmouth County $47,676
11 Victoria County $47,413
12 Cape Breton County $47,224
13 Queens County $45,050
14 Shelburne County $44,267
15 Cumberland County $43,385
16 Annapolis County $43,522
17 Digby County $42,293
18 Guysborough County $42,063
Rank Community 2011[82]
1 Halifax Regional Municipality $62,069
2 Port Hawkesbury $61,013
Nova Scotia $53,606
3 Stewiacke $52,118
4 Mahone Bay $49,158
5 Wolfville $48,671
6 Hantsport $48,584
7 Clark's Harbour $48,102
8 Cape Breton Regional Municipality $47,830
9 Stellarton $46,307
10 Antigonish $45,538
11 Kentville $45,098
12 New Glasgow $44,942
13 Westville $44,647
14 Middleton $44,048
15 Annapolis Royal $43,956
16 Trenton $42,535
17 Pictou $41,905[ch]
18 Truro $41,878
19 Windsor $41,859
20 Amherst $41,027
21 Bridgewater $40,049
22 Berwick $39,674
23 Lunenburg $39,529
24 Bridgetown $38,248[ch]
25 Oxford $37,734[ch]
26 Springhill $36,995[ch]
27 Mulgrave $36,200
28 Canso $35,574
29 Shelburne $35,526
30 Yarmouth $34,572
31 Lockeport $33,854[ch]
32 Digby $33,437
33 Parrsboro $27,472[ch]

Notes

  1. ^ Statistic includes all persons that did not make up part of a visible minority or an Indigenous identity.
  2. ^ China: 4,320 / Taiwan: 180
  3. ^ China: 2,830 / Taiwan: 225
  4. ^ China: 1,710 / Taiwan: 435
  5. ^ China: 1,740 / Taiwan: 90
  6. ^ China: 1,025 / Taiwan: 125
  7. ^ China: 870 / Taiwan: 40
  8. ^ China: 585 / Taiwan: 35
  9. ^ China: 510 / Taiwan: 50
  10. ^ China: 240 / Taiwan: 280
  11. ^ Syria: 2,420 / Lebanon: 1,565
  12. ^ Syria: 1,150 / Lebanon: 1,370
  13. ^ Syria: 185 / Lebanon: 1,595
  14. ^ Syria: 135 / Lebanon: 1,265
  15. ^ Syria: 180 / Lebanon: 1,460
  16. ^ Syria: 50 / Lebanon: 1,255
  17. ^ Syria: 65 / Lebanon: 1,060
  18. ^ Syria: 50 / Lebanon: 925
  19. ^ Germany: 2,375 / Austria: 110
  20. ^ Germany: 2,600 / Austria: 145
  21. ^ Germany: 2,385 / Austria: 145
  22. ^ Germany: 2,850 / Austria: 145
  23. ^ Germany: 2,455 / Austria: 205
  24. ^ Germany: 2,375 / Austria: 130
  25. ^ Germany: 1,740 / Austria: 140
  26. ^ Germany: 2,160 / Austria: 115
  27. ^ Germany: 2,630 / Austria: 115
  28. ^ Nigeria: 1,745 / Ghana: 190
  29. ^ Nigeria: 350 / Ghana: 175
  30. ^ Nigeria: 215 / Ghana: 150
  31. ^ Nigeria: 165 / Ghana: 90
  32. ^ Nigeria: 105 / Ghana: 60
  33. ^ Nigeria: 105 / Ghana: 60
  34. ^ Russia: 705 / Ukraine: 615
  35. ^ Russia: 590 / Ukraine: 340
  36. ^ Russia: 485 / Ukraine: 240
  37. ^ Russia: 225 / Ukraine: 160
  38. ^ Russia: 215 / Ukraine: 95
  39. ^ a b c d e f g h i Includes total persons born in all republics of the Soviet Union.
  40. ^ Jamaica: 760 / Trinidad and Tobago: 285
  41. ^ Jamaica: 485 / Trinidad and Tobago: 220
  42. ^ Jamaica: 185 / Trinidad and Tobago: 205
  43. ^ Jamaica: 170 / Trinidad and Tobago: 240
  44. ^ Jamaica: 155 / Trinidad and Tobago: 220
  45. ^ Jamaica: 190 / Trinidad and Tobago: 225
  46. ^ Jamaica: 230 / Trinidad and Tobago: 275
  47. ^ Jamaica: 250 / Trinidad and Tobago: 285
  48. ^ a b c d All individuals born in the British West Indies.
  49. ^ France: 485 / Belgium: 195
  50. ^ France: 610 / Belgium: 110
  51. ^ France: 395 / Belgium: 150
  52. ^ France: 530 / Belgium: 180
  53. ^ France: 485 / Belgium: 135
  54. ^ France: 410 / Belgium: 175
  55. ^ France: 345 / Belgium: 180
  56. ^ France: 430 / Belgium: 230
  57. ^ France: 495 / Belgium: 205
  58. ^ Kenya: 355 / Tanzania: 60 / Uganda: 140
  59. ^ Kenya: 125 / Tanzania: 50 / Uganda: 110
  60. ^ Kenya: 125 / Tanzania: 75 / Uganda: 60
  61. ^ Kenya: 110 / Tanzania: 75 / Uganda: 60
  62. ^ Kenya: 125 / Tanzania: 20 / Uganda: 45
  63. ^ Kenya: 65 / Tanzania: 40 / Uganda: 60
  64. ^ Kenya: 60 / Tanzania: 30 / Uganda: 55
  65. ^ Kenya: 20 / Tanzania: 30 / Uganda: 30
  66. ^ Includes Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden.
  67. ^ Ethiopia: 275 / Eritrea: 125
  68. ^ Ethiopia: 190 / Eritrea: 130
  69. ^ Ethiopia: 170 / Eritrea: 35
  70. ^ Ethiopia: 125 / Eritrea: 15
  71. ^ Ethiopia: 90 / Eritrea: 10
  72. ^ DR Congo: 265 / Cameroon: 80
  73. ^ DR Congo: 150 / Cameroon: 30
  74. ^ DR Congo: 50 / Cameroon: 55
  75. ^ DR Congo: 30 / Cameroon: 10
  76. ^ DR Congo: 25 / Cameroon: 0
  77. ^ DR Congo: 15 / Cameroon: 0
  78. ^ El Salvador: 85 / Guatemala: 100 / Nicaragua: 30
  79. ^ El Salvador: 95 / Guatemala: 45 / Nicaragua: 35
  80. ^ El Salvador: 45 / Guatemala: 35 / Nicaragua: 0
  81. ^ El Salvador: 35 / Guatemala: 10 / Nicaragua: 10
  82. ^ El Salvador: 25 / Guatemala: 30 / Nicaragua: 10
  83. ^ El Salvador: 70 / Guatemala: 20 / Nicaragua: 15
  84. ^ El Salvador: 165 / Guatemala: 85 / Nicaragua: 10
  85. ^ El Salvador: 0 / Guatemala: 0 / Nicaragua: 15
  86. ^ a b c d e f 2011 Census data unavailable, data taken from the 2006 Census.

See also

References

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