Costantino Lazzari
Costantino Lazzari | |
|---|---|
| Secretary of the Italian Socialist Party | |
| In office 10 July 1912 – 11 October 1919 | |
| Preceded by | Pompeo Ciotti |
| Succeeded by | Nicola Bombacci |
| Member of the Chamber of Deputies | |
| In office 1 December 1919 – 9 November 1926 | |
| Constituency | Venice |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 1 January 1857 Cremona, Italy |
| Died | 29 December 1927 (aged 70) |
| Party | POI (1882–1892) PSI (1892–1922) |
| This article is part of a series on |
| Communism in Italy |
|---|
Costantino Lazzari (1 January 1857 – 29 December 1927) was an Italian politician. He was one of the founders and main leaders of the Italian Socialist Party.[1]
Biography
Constantino Lazzari was born in Cremona, Italy, on 1 January 1857. He was an artisan and since his adolescence, he was a member of the left-wing trade unions. In 1882, Lazzari founded (with Giuseppe Croce) the Italian Workers' Party (POI).
In 1886, Lazzari commissioned Filippo Turati and Amintore Galli to compose Workers' Hymn, considered among the most significant historic songs of the Italian workers' movement.[2][3]
In 1892, with Turati and Anna Kuliscioff, Lazzari founded the Italian Socialist Party (PSI) at the Genoa Congress.
Lazzari was the leader of the revolutionary wing of the Socialist Party, known as Massimalisti. In 1912, he was elected Secretary of the Socialist Party and led the party in the 1913 general election, where the PSI gained 17.6% of votes, arriving second after the governing Liberal Union of Giovanni Giolitti. In 1919, Lazzari resigned as Secretary.
In 1922, he was expelled from the PSI, accused of being a close ally of the newly-established Communist Party (PCdI), and for being in favour of the PSI joining the Communist International.
After the formation of the Fascist dictatorship of Benito Mussolini, Lazzari was persecuted as a socialist and died in poverty in 1927.
References
- ^ Storia dei partiti politici italiani
- ^ Bosio, Gianni; Coggiola, Franco (1972) [15 November 1972]. "Il Canto dei lavoratori: Inno del Partito Operaio Italiano (testo di Filippo Turati, musica di Amintore Galli)" [The Workers' Hymn: Anthem of the Italian Workers' Party (text by Filippo Turati, music by Amintore Galli)]. Il Bosco degli alberi: Storia d'Italia dall'Unità ad oggi attraverso il giudizio delle classi popolari [The Forest of Trees: The History of Italy from Unification to Today through the Judgment of Popular Classes] (PDF) (in Italian) (2nd ed.). Milan: Edizioni del Gallo. pp. 37–46. Retrieved 6 January 2024.
- ^ Montemaggi, Andrea. "L' "Inno dei Lavoratori" nell'immaginario collettivo dell'epoca" [The "Workers' Hymn" in the collective imagination of the time]. montemaggi.it (in Italian). Retrieved 1 January 2024.