Colonus pallidus

Colonus pallidus
from Colombia
male from original description
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Chelicerata
Class: Arachnida
Order: Araneae
Infraorder: Araneomorphae
Family: Salticidae
Genus: Colonus
Species:
C. pallidus
Binomial name
Colonus pallidus
(C. L. Koch, 1846)
Synonyms
  • Alcmena pallida C. L. Koch, 1846
  • Dendryphantes pallida (C. L. Koch, 1846)
  • Maevia stellifera Holmberg, 1876
  • Maevia viridis Holmberg, 1876
  • Thiodina pallida (C. L. Koch, 1846)

Colonus pallidus is a species of jumping spider in the family Salticidae. It is found throughout Central and South America.[1]

Etymology

The specific name pallidus is derived from Latin meaning "pale", referring to the spider's coloration.[2]

Distribution

C. pallidus has been recorded from El Salvador, Nicaragua, Colombia, Venezuela, Trinidad and Tobago, Guyana, Suriname, French Guiana, Peru, Brazil, Paraguay, and Argentina.[1]

Description

Colonus pallidus is a small jumping spider with a body length of approximately 3-5 mm.[2][3]

Females

Females show some variation in coloration. One form described by Holmberg has a totally black head dorsally, featuring a five-rayed star of almost white color that divides the head into five parts. The opisthosoma displays a double longitudinal row of dark stripes directed obliquely outward and backward.[4]

Males

Males have a reddish-brown cephalothorax with black eyes positioned in a darker shadow. They display yellowish-white scales, particularly covering the sides, with exposed areas being strongly glossy. The chelicerae are somewhat hidden under the head and dark rust-brown in color. The pedipalps are ochre-yellow with the terminal segment being somewhat darker, and the genitalia are blackish-brown.[2]

The cephalothorax is broad and high, with the thoracic region narrowed posteriorly and strongly roof-shaped. The opisthosoma is thin, long, and cone-shaped at the posterior end.[2]

The opisthosoma is beautifully olive-yellow with two longitudinal stripes extending over the sides that are bright yellowish-white. On the posterior half, there is a row of black dots, with two of these extending further inward. The ventral surface is bright yellow with a whitish coating on both sides and a bright yellowish-white longitudinal stripe.[2]

The legs are yellow, with the femora of the four anterior legs being brown at the tips. The knees and tibiae have a rust-brown coating, while the tarsal tips are finely black.[2]

References

  1. ^ a b "Colonus pallidus (C. L. Koch, 1846)". World Spider Catalog. Retrieved 7 September 2025.
  2. ^ a b c d e f Koch, C. L. (1846). Die Arachniden. Vol. 13. Nürnberg: J. L. Lotzbeck. p. 179.
  3. ^ Rubio, G. D.; Baigorria, J. E. M.; Scioscia, C. L. (2018). Arañas saltícidas de Misiones. Guía para la identificación (tribus basales). Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires: Ediciones Fundación Azara, Universidad Maimónides. p. 86.
  4. ^ Holmberg, E. L. (1876). "Arácnidos argentinos". Anales de Agricultura de la República Argentina. 4: 24.