Chief Minister of Mizoram

Chief Minister of Mizoram
Emblem of Mizoram
Flag of India
Incumbent
Lalduhoma
since 8 December 2023
StyleThe Honourable (Formal)
Mr. Chief Minister (Informal)
StatusHead of Government
AbbreviationCM
Member ofMizoram Legislative Assembly
Reports toGovernor of Mizoram
AppointerGovernor of Mizoram
Term lengthAt the confidence of the assembly
Chief minister's term is for five years and is subject to no term limits.[1]
Inaugural holderC. Chhunga
Formation3 May 1972 (1972-05-03)

The chief minister of Mizoram is the chief executive of the Indian state of Mizoram. As per the Constitution of India, the governor is a state's de jure head, but de facto executive authority rests with the chief minister. Following elections to the Mizoram Legislative Assembly, the state's governor usually invites the party (or coalition) with a majority of seats to form the government. The governor appoints the chief minister, whose council of ministers are collectively responsible to the assembly. Given that he has the confidence of the assembly, the chief minister's term is for five years and is subject to no term limits.[1]Chief Minister also serves as Leader of the House in the Legislative Assembly.[2]

Since 1972, five people from four parties have served as chief minister of Mizoram; the inaugural officeholder was Ch. Chhunga. Lal Thanhawla of the Indian National Congress has the longest incumbency of over 21 years in 5 terms. The current incumbent is Lalduhoma of the Zoram People's Movement who assumed office on 8 December 2023.[3]

History

Main articles: Mizo district and Union Territory of Mizoram
See also: List of superintendents of Mizoram

Before Indian independence, the Lushai Hills district and the subsequent Mizo district were ruled by a Superintendent of the Lushai Hills. After Indian independence, the democratic change in the administrative setup of Mizoram led to an anti-chief movement. The feeling was widespread against the autocratic chiefs and for the Mizo Union. In 1955, at a meeting of representatives of various Mizo villages held in Aizawl, the demand arose for a separate hills state. The local people felt they had been ill-served by the Assam Government during the Mautam famine.

When in 1960 the government introduced Assamese as the official language of the state, there were many protests against the Official Language Act of 1961. That was followed by the March 1966 Mizo National Front uprising,[4] resulting in attacks on the military installations in Aizawl, Lunglei and other towns. The Mizo National Front, formerly known as Mizo National Famine Front, declared independence from India.

The Indian government designated Mizoram as a union territory on 21 January 1972. Pu Laldenga, the president of the Mizo National Front,[5] signed a peace accord in 1986 with the Government of India, stating Mizoram was an integral part of India. Pu Laldenga came to the ministry in the interim government, which was formed in coalition with Congress in 1987. The statehood of Mizoram was proclaimed on 20 February 1987.

List

  • † Died in office
  • § Returned to office after a previous non-consecutive term

Union Territory of Mizoram (1972–1986)

# Portrait Chief Minister
(Birth-Death)
Constituency 		Election Term of office Political party Ministry
From To Period
1 C. Chhunga
(1915–1988)
MLA for Kolasib 		1972
(1st) 		3 May 1972 10 May 1977 5 years, 7 days Mizo Union Chhunga
Position vacant (11 May 1977 – 1 June 1978)
President's rule was imposed during this period[a]
2 Brigadier
Ṭhenphunga Sailo AVSM
(1922–2015)
MLA for Aizawl North 		1978
(2nd) 		2 June 1978 10 November 1978 161 days Mizoram People's Conference Sailo I
Position vacant (10 November 1978 – 8 May 1979)
President's rule was imposed during this period[a]
(2) Brigadier
Ṭhenphunga Sailo AVSM
(1922–2015)
MLA for Aizawl North 		1979
(3rd) 		8 May 1979[§] 4 May 1984 4 years, 362 days Mizoram People's Conference Sailo II
3 Lal Thanhawla
(born 1938)
MLA for Serchhip 		1984
(4th) 		5 May 1984 20 August 1986 2 years, 107 days Indian National Congress Lal Thanhawla I
4 Laldenga
(1927–1990)
MLA for Aizawl North II 		21 August 1986 19 February 1987 182 days Mizo National Front Laldenga I

Mizoram state (1986–present)

# Portrait Chief Minister
(Birth-Death)
Constituency 		Election Term of office Political party Ministry
From To Period
(4) Laldenga
(1927–1990)
MLA for Aizawl North II 		1987
(5th) 		20 February 1987 7 September 1988 1 year, 200 days Mizo National Front Laldenga II
Position vacant (7 September 1988 – 24 January 1989)
President's rule was imposed during this period[a]
(3) Lal Thanhawla
(born 1938)
MLA for Serchhip 		1989
(6th) 		24 January 1989[§] 3 December 1998 9 years, 313 days Indian National Congress Lal Thanhawla II
1993
(7th) 		Lal Thanhawla III
5 Zoramthanga
(born 1944)
MLA for Champhai 		1998
(8th) 		3 December 1998 11 December 2008 10 years, 8 days Mizo National Front Zoramthanga I
2003
(9th) 		Zoramthanga II
(3) Lal Thanhawla
(born 1938)
MLA for Serchhip 		2008
(10th) 		11 December 2008[§] 14 December 2018 10 years, 3 days Indian National Congress Lal Thanhawla IV
2013
(11th) 		Lal Thanhawla V
5 Zoramthanga
(born 1944)
MLA for Aizawl East 1 		2018
(12th) 		14 December 2018[§] 7 December 2023 4 years, 358 days Mizo National Front Zoramthanga III
6 Lalduhoma
(born 1949)
MLA for Serchhip 		2023 8 December 2023 Incumbent 2 years, 12 days Zoram People's Movement Lalduhoma

Statistics

List by chief minister

# Chief Minister Party Term of office
Longest continuous term Total duration of chief ministership
1 Lal Thanhawla INC 10 years, 3 days 22 years, 58 days
2 Zoramthanga MNF 10 years, 8 days 15 years, 0 days
3 T. Sailo MPC 4 years, 362 days 5 years, 158 days
4 C. Chhunga MU 5 years, 7 days 5 years, 7 days
5 Laldenga MNF 2 years, 17 days 2 years, 17 days
6 Lalduhoma ZPM 2 years, 12 days 2 years, 12 days

See also

Notes

Footnotes
  1. ^ a b c When President's rule is in force in a state, its council of ministers stands dissolved. The office of chief minister thus lies vacant. At times, the legislative assembly also stands dissolved.[6]
References
  1. ^ a b Durga Das Basu. Introduction to the Constitution of India. 1960. 20th Edition, 2011 Reprint. pp. 241, 245. LexisNexis Butterworths Wadhwa Nagpur. ISBN 978-81-8038-559-9. Note: although the text talks about Indian state governments in general, it applies for the specific case of Mizoram as well.
  2. ^ https://apuat21.cgg.gov.in/web/legislative-assembly/leader-of-the-house
  3. ^ "ZPM's Lalduhoma to become Mizoram Chief Minister, take oath on Dec 8".
  4. ^ Joshi, Hargovindh (2005). Mizoram History Past and Present. Mittal Publications. pp. 11–. ISBN 978-81-7099-997-3.
  5. ^ Chatterjee, Suhas (1994). Making of Mizoram: Role of Laldenga. Vol. 1. New Delhi: M.D. Publications. p. 73. ISBN 978-81-85880-38-9.
  6. ^ Amberish K. Diwanji. "A dummy's guide to President's rule". Rediff.com. 15 March 2005. Retrieved on 3 March 2013.

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