Causonis trifolia

Causonis trifolia
Leaves and ripe fruit in Rajbari, Bangladesh
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Vitales
Family: Vitaceae
Genus: Causonis
Species:
C. trifolia
Binomial name
Causonis trifolia
Synonyms[1]
13 synonyms
  • Cayratia trifolia (L.) Domin
  • Cissus trifolia (L.) K.Schum.
  • Columella trifolia (L.) Merr.
  • Vitis trifolia L.
  • Cayratia carnosa (Lam.) Gagnep.
  • Cayratia trifolia var. cinerea (Lam.) Gagnep.
  • Cissus carnosa Lam.
  • Cissus cinerea Lam.
  • Cissus psoraliifolia (F.Muell.) Planch.
  • Vitis carnosa (Lam.) Wall.
  • Vitis crenata Wall.
  • Vitis psoraliifolia F.Muell.
  • Vitis scabicaulis Wall.

Causonis trifolia commonly known as bush grape, fox-grape, three-leaved wild vine or threeleaf cayratia is a species of plant native to regions from India, through Southeast Asia to Australia and the western Pacific Ocean. It is a vine with a stem diameter up to 7 cm (2.8 in), trifoliate leaves and blackish berries. Its leaves contain several flavonoids, such as cyanidin and delphinidin. Hydrocyanic acid is present in the stem, leaves and roots.[3][4][5][6]

Distribution

Causonis trifolia is native to these areas (as defined in the WGSRPG):[1][7]

  • Indian subcontinent: Assam, Bangladesh, East Himalaya, India, Laccadive Islands, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, West Himalaya
  • Indo-China: Andaman Islands, Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, Nicobar Islands, South China Sea, Thailand, Vietnam
  • Malesia: Borneo, Jawa, Lesser Sunda Islands, Malaya, Maluku, Philippines, Sulawesi, Sumatera, Christmas Islands
  • Papuasia: Bismarck Archipelago, New Guinea, Solomon Islands
  • Australasia: Northern Territory, Queensland, Western Australia
  • Southwestern Pacific: New Caledonia, Vanuatu
  • Northwestern Pacific: Caroline Islands


  • New growth
  • Leaves and flower buds
  • Fruit

References

  1. ^ a b c "Causonis trifolia (L.) Mabb. & J.Wen". Plants of the World Online. Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. 2025. Retrieved 6 May 2025.
  2. ^ "Causonis trifolia (L.) Mabb. & J.Wen". Global Biodiversity Information Facility. 2025. Retrieved 6 May 2025.
  3. ^ "Causonis trifolia". Germplasm Resources Information Network. Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture.
  4. ^ G. J. H. Grubben, O. A. Denton. Vegetables. Backhuys Publishers. p. 166.
  5. ^ Ian W. B. Thornton (1997). Krakatau. Harvard University Press. pp. 121, 155.
  6. ^ C. P. Khare (2008). Indian Medicinal Plants. Springer. p. 132.
  7. ^ Brummitt, R.K. (2001). World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions (PDF) (2nd ed.). International Working Group on Taxonomic Databases For Plant Sciences (TDWG). Retrieved 10 October 2025.
Wikispecies has information related to Causonis trifolia.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Causonis trifolia.
  • Map of herbarium records of this species at the Global Biodiversity Information Facility
  • Observations of this species on iNaturalist
  • Images of this species on Flickriver.com
  • Images labelled as Cayratia trifolia on Flickriver.com


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