Bukhar-zhirau Kalmakanov

Bukhar-zhirau Kalkaman Uli (also: Bukhar-zhyrau Kalkamanuly, Kazakh: Бұқар жырау Қалқаманұлы, Būqar jyrau Qalqamanūly; Russian: Буха́р жыра́у Калкама́нулы; 1668–1771) was a Kazakh poet at the court of the Middle Horde. He was active at the court during the reign of the Ablai Khan. Although his primary activity was law-making, poetry and singing, Kalkaman Uli also acted as an advisor to the Khan. Because of this, his poetry dealt with broader themes which included politics, the foreign policy of the horde, and the life of the Khan.

• Many streets in Kazakhstan's settlements are named after Bukhar-zhirau.
• In Alma-Ata, a residential complex called "Bukhar-zhirau Towers" was built on the banks of the Esentai River.
• In 1993 a granite monument was erected in his hometown of Bayanaul in honor of Bukhar-zhirau's 325th birthday, and a bronze monument was installed in the center of Karaganda in 2008.
• In 1993 Kazakhstan issued a postage stamp dedicated to Bukhar-zhirau.
• The Kazakh-Turkish Lyceum for Gifted Children in Karaganda is named after Bukhar-zhirau.
• The Bukhar-zhirau Museum of Literature and Art has been operating in Pavlodar since 1992, located in an old building dating back to 1897.^[2]

• Gabdullin, M. G., et al., eds. (1968–1979) Istoriia kazakhskoi literatury (trans. History of Kazakh Literature). 3 vols. Almaty, Kazakhstan: Nauka.
• Maghauuin, Mukhtar, ed. (1971) Aldaspan: XV–XVIII ghasyrlardaghy qazaq aqyn, zhyraularynyng shygharmalar zhyynaghy (The Scimitar: A Collection of Poems by Kazakh Aqyns and Zhyraus