2025 Nobel Prizes

The 2025 Nobel Prizes were awarded by the Nobel Foundation, based in Sweden, and the Norwegian Nobel Institute, based in Oslo, to 16 individuals.

Six categories were awarded: Physics, Chemistry, Physiology or Medicine, Literature, Peace, and Economic Sciences.

Prizes

Physics John M. Martinis "for the discovery of macroscopic quantum mechanical tunnelling and energy quantisation in an electric circuit"[1]
Michel Devoret
John Clarke
Chemistry Omar M. Yaghi "for the development of metal–organic frameworks"[2]
Susumu Kitagawa
Richard Robson
Physiology or Medicine Mary E. Brunkow "for their discoveries concerning peripheral immune tolerance"[3]
Fred Ramsdell
Shimon Sakaguchi
Literature László Krasznahorkai "for his compelling and visionary oeuvre that, in the midst of apocalyptic terror, reaffirms the power of art"[4]
Peace María Corina Machado "for her tireless work promoting democratic rights for the people of Venezuela and for her struggle to achieve a just and peaceful transition from dictatorship to democracy"[5]
Economic Sciences Joel Mokyr "for having identified the prerequisites for sustained growth through technological progress"[6]
Philippe Aghion "for the theory of sustained growth through creative destruction"[6] (Aghion–Howitt model)
Peter Howitt

References

  1. ^ "Nobel Prize in Physics 2025". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 2025-10-07.
  2. ^ "Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2025". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 2025-10-08.
  3. ^ "Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2025". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 2025-10-07.
  4. ^ "Nobel Prize in Literature 2025". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 2025-10-09.
  5. ^ "2025 - Nobel Peace Prize". www.nobelpeaceprize.org. 2025-10-10. Retrieved 2025-10-10.
  6. ^ a b "Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences 2025". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 2025-10-13.
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