1988–1989 La Niña event

An extremely strong La Niña developed during early 1988 and lasted until 1989.[1] The La Niña was preceded by moderate-or-strong El Niño conditions from 1986 to very early 1988.[2]

The North American droughts of 1988 to 1990 and strongly linked heat waves killed 4,000 to almost 17,000 people across the United States and Canada although other estimates vary on death estimates. Also, damage from this drought had been estimated next to originally $40 billion.[3] Modern estimates, however, indicate the drought (more likely than not) caused closer to around $60 billion in the Western United States, the Great Plains and the Midwestern United States.[4] During 1989 and 1990, though, most droughts were focused west of the Mississippi River in Nebraska, Iowa, Missouri, Kansas and Colorado. The first year of this drought (1988) was all throughout the country.[5]

The 1988–89 La Niña events might have influenced the 1989 Atlantic hurricane season.

The North American drought was officially marked over in certain parts of the United States: August 1990 was extremely wet for Iowa, for which State the drought then ended.[6] There were similar results for Illinois during that same month and year.[7] In Minnesota,[8] Nebraska,[9][10] Missouri[11] and Kansas, however, the dry conditions continued into Fall 1990.

References

  1. ^ "What are La Ninas". El Nino Theme Page. Retrieved August 29, 2025.
  2. ^ "La Nina". National Geographic. Retrieved August 29, 2025.
  3. ^ "Historical Perspective of the La Nina". The Research Gates. Retrieved August 29, 2025.
  4. ^ "Impacts of Recent Climate Anomalies" (PDF). The Illinois State University. Retrieved August 29, 2025.
  5. ^ "The Fear for Double-Dip La Ninas". The International Research Institute of Columbia Climate School. Retrieved August 29, 2025.
  6. ^ "The August 1990 Climate at a Glance". The National Centers for Environmental Information. Retrieved August 29, 2025.
  7. ^ "The August 1990 Climate at a Glance". The National Centers for Environmental Information. Retrieved August 29, 2025.
  8. ^ "December 1990 Drought Indexes in Minnesota". Palmer Modified Drought Index and NOAA. Retrieved January 6, 2022.
  9. ^ "The September 1990 Drought Index in Nebraska". The Palmer Modified Drought Index. Retrieved January 6, 2022.
  10. ^ "November 1990 Drought Indexes in Nebraska". The Palmer Modified Drought Index. Retrieved January 6, 2022.
  11. ^ "Drought Mitigation" (PDF). University of Nebraska. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2010-06-15. Retrieved January 12, 2021.
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